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. 2022 Mar 14;13:840610. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840610

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Copyright © 2022 Wik and Skålhegg

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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HIV infection induces increased glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in CD4+ T cells. HIV infects CD4+ T cells through interaction with CD4 and chemokine receptor CXCR4. HIV-infection supports glycolytic metabolism by increasing expression of the glucose transporter GLUT1, which can also be exploited to further infect CD4+ T cells. Additionally, HIV induces expression the of nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor X1 (NLRX1) to induce increased oxidative phosphorylation (Ox.Phos). The increased metabolic rate supports enhanced viral replication. Figure was created using assets from Servier Medical Art, licensed under a Creative Common Attribution 3.0 Generic License. http://smart.servier.com/.