Table 2.

C-index of radiomic signatures from unimodal (single-sequence) MRI and multi-modality (combined sequences) MRI for prediction of non-HCC survival at 3 years.

Modality	Training	Internal validation	External validation-1	External validation-2
pre-contrast	0.680 (0.548-0.812)	0.668 (0.536-0.800)	0.492 (0.378-0.606)	0.416 (0.293-0.539)
HAP	0.699 (0.625-0.775)	0.672 (0.540-0.804)	0.526 (0.412-0.640)	0.475 (0.352-0.598)
PVP	0.691 (0.616-0.766)	0.654 (0.523-0.796)	0.586 (0.472-0.699)	0.440 (0.317-0.562)
EP	0.691 (0.616-0.766)	0.646 (0.514-0.777)	0.505 (0.391-0.619)	0.421 (0.298-0.544)
T2WI	0.668 (0.593-0.743)	0.604 (0.472-0.736)	0.478 (0.365-0.592)	0.591 (0.468-0.714)
ALL	0.710 (0.635-0.784)	0.681 (0.549-0.813)	0.632 (0.518-0.746)	0.658 (0.535-0.781)

The bold values indicate that the performance of the model based on multi-modality (combined sequences) MRI is the best.

pre-contrast, pre-contrast phase; HAP, hepatic arterial phase; PVP, portal venous phase; EP, equilibrium phase; T2WI, T2 weighted imaging.