Figure 4.

Manipulating bioelectric properties of cells (A) Manipulation of endogenous chloride channels as a means of manipulating V_mem of a select group of cells. Treatment with ivermectin causes chloride channels in GlyR-expressing cells to open. External chloride levels are then manipulated to regulate movement of chloride flux into or out of the cytoplasm (B) Piezo1 and Piezo2 are mechanically activated cation channels. Application of a mechanical force causes the central pore to open, allowing an influx of positive charge into the cell.