TABLE 3.
Rating of the mental health following Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in the study cohorts.
| Variable | AT1 | IT1 | Test2 | pFDR3 | Effect size4 |
| Overall mental health | Poor: 3.5% (40) Fair: 18% (212) Good: 49% (562) Excellent: 30% (343) Complete: n = 1157 |
Poor: 2.9% (26) Fair: 21% (189) Good: 48% (430) Excellent: 28% (248) Complete: n = 893 |
χ2 | ns (p = 0.44) | V = 0.039 |
| Overall mental health score | Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 1] Range: 0 – 3 Complete: n = 1157 |
Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 1] Range: 0 – 3 Complete: n = 893 |
Mann–Whitney | ns (p = 0.29) | r = 0.027 |
| Quality of life | Poor: 4.3% (50) Fair: 16% (185) Good: 51% (590) Excellent: 29% (332) Complete: n = 1157 |
Poor: 3.4% (30) Fair: 23% (201) Good: 54% (485) Excellent: 20% (177) Complete: n = 893 |
χ2 | p < 0.001 | V = 0.12 |
| Quality of life score | Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 1] Range: 0 – 3 Complete: n = 1157 |
Median = 1 [IQR: 1 – 2] Range: 0 – 3 Complete: n = 893 |
Mann–Whitney | p < 0.001 | r = 0.1 |
| Depression Score | Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 2] Range: 0 – 6 Complete: n = 1154 |
Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 2] Range: 0 – 6 Complete: n = 892 |
Mann–Whitney | p = 0.0082 | r = 0.063 |
| Depression screening-positive | 17% (200) Complete: n = 1154 |
23% (207) Complete: n = 892 |
χ2 | p = 0.0028 | V = 0.073 |
| Anxiety score | Median = 0 [IQR: 0 – 2] Range: 0 – 6 Complete: n = 1151 |
Median = 1 [IQR: 0 – 2] Range: 0 – 6 Complete: n = 893 |
Mann–Whitney | p < 0.001 | r = 0.14 |
| Anxiety screening-positive | 12% (143) Complete: n = 1151 |
19% (172) Complete: n = 893 |
χ2 | p < 0.001 | V = 0.094 |
| Psychosocial stress score | Median = 4 [IQR: 2 – 6] Range: 0 – 19 Complete: n = 1153 |
Median = 4 [IQR: 2 – 7] Range: 0 – 19 Complete: n = 890 |
Mann–Whitney | ns (p = 0.47) | r = 0.019 |
| Substantial psychosocial stress | 21% (246) Complete: n = 1153 |
26% (228) Complete: n = 890 |
χ2 | p = 0.045 | V = 0.05 |
1Percentage of the complete answers (n individuals). AT: Austria/Tyrol cohort, IT: Italy/South Tyrol cohort.
2Statistical test used to compare differences in median values (numeric variables) or distribution (categorical variables) for the AT vs. IT comparison.
3Test value of p for the AT vs. IT difference corrected for multiple comparisons with Benjamini-Hochberg (FDR) method, ns: not significant.
4Effect size of the AT vs. IT difference: Wilcoxon r for numeric variables or Cramer’s V for categorical variables.