TABLE 1.

Date palm fruit volatiles identified by SPME/GC-MS and included in the present study.

Volatile	Formula	RI Exp	Ri Lita	CAS registry no.	Volatile studiesb,c,d
Acids
*Acetic acid	C2H4O2	1,453	1,449	64-19-7
Decanoic acid	C10H20O2	2,281	2,276	334-48-5
Hexanoic acid	C6H12O2	1,876	1,866e	142-62-1	E
Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-	C8H16O2	1,973	1,960	149-57-5	C
Nonanoic acid	C9H18O2	2,166	2,171	112-05-0
Octanoic acid	C8H16O2	2,063	2,060	124-07-2	C
Alcohols
Benzyl alcohol	C7H8O	1,899	1,890e	100-51-6	G
Ethanol	C2H6O	985	932	64-17-5	G,J
Hexanol	C6H14O	1,366	1,355	111-27-3	A,B,C,D,I,J
4-methyl-5-decanol	C11H24O	1,656	–	213547-15-0
(E,E)-3,5-octadien-2-ol	C8H14O	1,405	–	69668-82-2
Octanol	C8H18O	1,577	1,557	111-87-5	A,B,C,D,E,H,I,J
1-octen-3-ol	C8H16O	1,455	1,450	3391-86-4	A,B,C,D,E,I
2-octen-1-ol, (E)-	C8H16O	1,644	1,626e	18409-17-1	D
Phenylethyl alcohol	C8H10O	1,930	1,906	60-12-8	A,C,D,E,I
Aldehydes
Acetaldehyde	C2H4O	720	702	75-07-0	G
*Benzaldehyde	C7H6O	1,511	1,520	100-52-7	A,C
Butanal, 2-methyl-	C5H10O	916	914	96-17-3	E,J
Butanal, 3-methyl-	C5H10O	919	918	590-86-3
2-Butenal, (E)-	C4H6O	1,030	1,039	123-73-9	J
2-Butenal, 2-ethenyl-	C6H8O	1,270	1,303	20521-42-0
2-Butenal, 2-methyl-	C5H8O	1,077	1,095	1115-11-3
2-Butenal, 2-ethyl-	C6H10O	1,143	1,145	19780-25-7
β-cyclocitral	C10H16O	1,619	1,611	432-25-7	A,C,D,E,I
*2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-	C6H6O2	1,569	1,570	620-02-0	G
*Furan-3-carboxaldehyde	C5H4O2	1,463	1,454	498-60-2
1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 1-ethyl-	C7H9NO	1,613	1,610	2167-14-8
2,4-Heptadienal, (E,E)-	C7H10O	1,490	1,495	4313-03-5	B,C
*Heptanal	C7H14O	1,178	1,184	111-71-7	B,C,E,H,J
2-Heptenal	C7H12O	1,323	1,323	2463-63-0	B
Hexanal	C6H12O	1,084	1,083	66-25-1	A,B,C,D,H,I,J
(E)-2-Hexenal	C6H10O	1,216	1,216	6728-26-3	B,C
5-Methyl-2-thiophene carboxaldehyde	C6H6OS	1,717	1,735e	13679-70-4
*Nonanal	C9H18O	1,393	1,391	124-19-6	A,B,D,H,I,J
(E)-2-Nonenal	C9H16O	1,506	1,537	18829-56-6	B,C,D,E,G
Octanal	C8H16O	1,295	1,289	124-13-0	A,B,C,D,G,H,J
2-Octenal, (E)-	C8H14O	1,426	1,429	2548-87-0	B,C,D,I
2-Phenyl-2-butenal	C10H10O	1,937	1,929	4411-89-6
Esters
Acetic acid, ethenyl ester	C4H6O2	902	890	108-05-4
Acetic acid, butyl ester	C6H12O2	1,072	1,074	123-86-4	G
Butanoic acid, butyl ester	C8H16O2	1,219	1,220	109-21-7
Decanoic acid, methyl ester	C11H22O2	1,613	1,593	110-42-9	C,D
Dodecanoic acid, methyl ester	C13H26O2	1,836	1,834e	111-82-0	D
Ethyl acetate	C4H8O2	902	888	141-78-6	A,D,E,G,I,J
*Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester	C17H34O2	2,212	2,208	112-39-0
Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester	C18H36O2	2,255	2,251	628-97-7	E,I
Hexanoic acid, (Z)-2-pentenyl ester	C11H20O2	1,668	–	74298-89-8
Nonanoic acid, methyl ester	C10H20O2	1,499	1,491	1731-84-6	C
Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester	C20H40O2	2,451	2,451	111-61-5	G
*Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester	C19H38O2	2,419	2,418	112-61-8	G
8E,11E-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester	C19H34O2	2,477	–	56599-58-7	F
Octanoic acid, ethyl ester	C10H20O2	1,439	1,435	106-32-1	C,D,E,I
Pentadecanoic acid, methyl ester	C16H32O2	2,110	2,108	7132-64-1
Tetradecanoic acid, methyl ester	C15H30O2	2,024	2,005	124-10-7	D
Ketones
*Acetoin	C4H8O2	1,290	1,284	513-86-0
Acetophenone	C8H8O	1,650	1,647	98-86-2	C,G
Ethanone, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)	C6H7NO	1,985	1,973	1072-83-9
3-Heptanone, 5-methyl-	C8H16O	1,256	1,265	541-85-5
5-Hepten-2-one, 6-methyl-	C8H14O	1,340	1,338	110-93-0	A,B,C,D,I,J
5-Hydroxy-4-octanone	C8H16O2	1,423	1,443	496-77-5
β-ionone	C13H20O	1,947	1,971	79-77-6	A,B,C,D,E,I,J
Pyrazines
Pyrazine, 3,5,-diethyl-2-methyl-	C9H14N2	1,516	1,496	18138-05-1
Pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-	C7H10N2	1,386	1,386	13925-03-6
Pyrazine, tetramethyl-	C8H12N2	1,477	1,469	1124-11-4
*Pyrazine, trimethyl-	C7H10N2	1,405	1,402	14667-55-1
Benzenoids
Ethylbenzene	C8H10	1,130	1,129	100-41-4
p-cymene	C10H14	1,261	1,272	99-87-6	J
Styrene	C8H8	1,254	1,261	100-42-5	D,F
Toluene	C7H8	1,030	1,042	108-88-3
m-xylene	C8H10	1,139	1,143	108-38-3
o-xylene	C8H10	1,171	1,186	95-47-6
p-xylene	C8H10	1,121	1,138	106-42-3	F
Other
2(4H)-benzofuranone, 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7a- trimethyl-, (R)-	C11H16O2	2,290	2,325e	17092-92-1	C
γ-butyrolactone	C4H6O2	1,622	1,632	96-48-0	A
Furan, 2-pentyl-	C9H14O	1,229	1,231	3777-69-3	C,D
1H-pyrazole, 4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-4-isopropylidene-	C8H14N2	1,396	–	106251-09-6
2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol	C9H10O2	2,167	2,188	7786-61-0
Phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy	C9H12O2	2,167	2,188	2785-89-9	A,E,I
2-Pyrrolidinone	C4H7NO	2,029	2,017	616-45-5
Vanillin	C8H8O3	2,531	2,540e	121-33-5	F

Stereoisomers are indicated where they could be resolved. For compounds with multiple possible stereoisomers, reference to a compound in a prior study may or may not refer to the same stereoisomer detected in the present work.

*Major volatile in the present study.

^aRI lit retention index coming from the NIST 14 database.

^bCompound previously reported in date fruit by A = El Arem et al. (2011), B = Reynes et al. (1996), C = Khalil et al. (2017), D = Mezroua et al. (2017), E = Hatem et al. (2018), F = Arif and Lombarkia (2018), G = Narain (2007), H = Jaddou et al. (1984), I = El Arem et al. (2012), J = Harrak et al. (2005).

^cNo overlapping compounds were found with Siddeeg et al. (2019) and Aldulaimi et al. (2020).

^dAcetic acid has previously been reported in non-volatile studies and is not considered novel to this study.

^eRI lit retention index coming from Pubchem.