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. 2022 Mar 8;13:859723. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.859723

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Copyright © 2022 Li, Wu, Huang, Hu, You, Liu, Wang and Wei.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of PF on inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in CKD rats. (A) Expression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10 in serum. (B, C) CAT, GSH-Px, SOD, MDA and T-AOC contents in serum and muscles of different groups are presented in the histograms. (D, E) The expression of ATP and SDH in muscles. (F) PF inhibited mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in muscles. (G) The effects of PF on mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in muscles. (H) The activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I, II, III and IV in muscles between groups. All of the data are expressed as the means ± S.Ds. n = 6. Significant differences are indicated as ^* p < 0.05, ^** p < 0.01, ^*** p < 0.001 vs. the Sham group. ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 vs. the Model group.