Table 3.
Analysis data characteristics vs. general population characteristics
| Variable | Analysis data (n = 1005) | General adult population | Source | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Freq. | % | Freq. | ||
| Socio-demographic variables | |||||
| 100 | 4,431,392 | Statistics Finland (2016a) | |||
| Female | 51.1 | 514 | 51.2 | 2,267,547 | |
| Age (in years) | 100 | 4,431,392 | Statistics Finland (2016a) | ||
| 18–24 | 9.3 | 93 | 10.3 | 455,977 | |
| 25–34 | 15.7 | 158 | 15.9 | 704,402 | |
| 35–44 | 15.2 | 153 | 15.1 | 671,350 | |
| 45–54 | 18.3 | 184 | 16.1 | 712,553 | |
| 55–64 | 25.5 | 256 | 16.6 | 737,135 | |
| 65–79 | 15.4 | 155 | 19.4 | 861,876 | |
| 80 or older | 0.6 | 6 | 6.5 | 288,099 | |
| Marital status | 100 | 4,431,392 | Statistics Finland (2016a) | ||
| Married | 38.8 | 390 | 45.1 | 1,998,678 | |
| Divorced | 16.8 | 169 | 12.8 | 568,184 | |
| Widowed | 3.3 | 33 | 6.4 | 282,794 | |
| Single | 37.6 | 378 | 35.7 | 1,581,736 | |
| Prefer not to say | 3.5 | 35 | – | – | |
| Education (ISCED 2011) | 100 | 4,591,285 | Statistics Finland (2015a)† | ||
| Lower secondary or below (≤ 2) | 10.8 | 109 | 18.8 | 667,598 | |
| Upper secondary (3, 4) | 48.5 | 487 | 46.5 | 1,651,087 | |
| Short-cycle tertiary (5) | 10.4 | 105 | 10.5 | 373,847 | |
| Bachelor’s or equivalent (6) | 17.0 | 171 | 12.5 | 445,771 | |
| Master’s or equivalent (7) | 11.6 | 117 | 10.5 | 372,623 | |
| Doctoral or equivalent (8) | 1.6 | 16 | 1.2 | 42,449 | |
| Employment status | 100 | 4,431,392 | Statistics Finland (2016b) | ||
| Self-employed persons | 5.9 | 59 | 5.3 | 233,911 | |
| Employees | 36.2 | 364 | 45.8 | 2,022,548 | |
| Students | 7.4 | 74 | 5.4 | 240,405 | |
| Pensioners | 26.8 | 269 | 31.0 | 1,367,951 | |
| Unemployed | 15.9 | 160 | 8.5 | 374,534 | |
| Others# | 7.9 | 79 | 4.0 | 174,899 | |
| Region | 100 | 4,407,913 | Statistics Finland (2016a)† | ||
| Helsinki and Uusimaa | 25.1 | 252 | 29.7 | 1,311,203 | |
| Southern Finland | 30.0 | 301 | 21.5 | 948,790 | |
| Western Finland | 21.2 | 213 | 25.2 | 1,110,490 | |
| North-Eastern Finland | 23.8 | 239 | 23.5 | 1,037,430 | |
| Religion | 100 | 4,609,119 | Statistics Finland (2016c)† | ||
| No religion | 37.9 | 381 | 26.7 | 1,232,330 | |
| Any religion | 62.1 | 624 | 73.3 | 3,376,789 | |
| Housing tenure | 100 | 5,363,637 | Statistics Finland (2015b)† | ||
| Own house or apartment | 53.4 | 537 | 70.8 | 3,804,549 | |
| Rent | 46.4 | 466 | 27.4 | 1,471,006 | |
| Other | 0.2 | 2 | 1.9 | 101,544 | |
| Variable | Analysis data (n = 1005) | General adult population | Source | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Freq. | % | Freq. | ||
| Annual household disposable cash income | |||||
| ≤ 16,440€ (1st or 2nd decile) | 29.6 | 297 | |||
| 16,441€–26,230€ (3rd or 4th decile) | 18.6 | 187 | |||
| 26,231€–38,010€ (5th or 6th decile) | 15.5 | 156 | |||
| 38,011€–54,690€ (7th or 8th decile) | 13.6 | 137 | |||
| ≥ 54,691€ (9th or 10th decile) | 10.9 | 110 | |||
| Prefer not to say or do not know | 11.7 | 118 | |||
| Health and well-being | |||||
| Overall quality of life (QoL) | Murto et al. [67] | ||||
| So good or very good | 19.3 | 194 | 22.7 | Very good | |
| Good | 47.9 | 481 | 54.9 | Good | |
| Alright | 22.2 | 223 | 18.3 | Neither good nor poor | |
| Bad | 8.4 | 84 | 3.5 | Poor | |
| Very bad or so bad | 2.3 | 23 | 0.7 | Very poor | |
| Self-assessed health (SAH) | Murto et al. [67] | ||||
| Very good | 7.9 | 79 | 29.9 | Good | |
| Good | 46.1 | 463 | 36.2 | Quite good | |
| Fair | 35.6 | 358 | 24.6 | Fair | |
| Bad | 9.7 | 97 | 7.9 | Quite bad | |
| Very bad | 0.8 | 8 | 1.5 | Bad | |
| Experience of caring and need for social care | |||||
| (i) Have you (personally) provided help or support to anyone in the last month because they have long-term physical or mental ill-health or disability, or problems relating to old age? | |||||
| Yes | 36.8 | 370 | |||
| No | 63.2 | 635 | |||
| (ii) Have either you or someone you are close to ever been in need of any regular help and long-term care over the last 10 years? | |||||
| Yes, I have or my partner/one of my parents has personal experience | 36.2 | 364 | |||
| Yes, one of my children/siblings or another relative/friend or an acquaintance or a colleague or a neighbour | 23.8 | 239 | |||
| No experience with long-term care needs or do not know& | 40.0 | 402 | |||
| Understanding the tasks | |||||
| (i) Did you feel that you could put yourself in the imaginary situations described in the best-worst exercises? | |||||
| Yes, all of the time | 57.9 | 582 | |||
| Yes, but only some of the time | 38.7 | 389 | |||
| No | 3.4 | 34 | |||
| (ii) In the best-worst exercises, did you understand the situations? | |||||
| Yes, all of them | 81.7 | 821 | |||
| Yes, but only some of them | 17.0 | 171 | |||
| No | 1.3 | 13 | |||
#Those who were permanently sick or disabled, in community or military services, doing housework or outside of labour force
†Religion (Statistics Finland 2016c) and education (Statistics Finland 2015a) refer to the population aged 15 or older. Housing tenure (Statistics Finland 2015b) refers to the whole housing population. Regions (Statistics Finland 2016a) refer to the population aged 18 or older. Household disposable cash income excluded imputed rents
&Including 4% of respondents who replied to response item “don’t know”