Fig. 4.

In vivo evaluation of bone healing effect of the nwHA bioceramics implanted in an osteoporotic rat model with bone defect. (A) Overall timeline of the study for different experiments. (B) Animal weight change, serum levels of CTX-1 and PINP of ovariectomized rats implanted with different nwHA bioceramics at week 8 postoperatively. (C) Animal behavior analysis at week 7 postoperatively. All data are reported as mean ± standard error. ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.