TABLE 2.
Chemical-based zebrafish models of Parkinson’s Disease.
| Chemical | Adults/Larvae | Studies | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| MPTP | Adults/Larvae | Bretaud et al. (2004), Lam et al. (2005), McKinley et al. (2005), Sallinen et al. (2009) | Loss of DNs in diencephalon, decreases in swimming responses |
| Adults | Anichtchik et al. (2004) | Intracerebral/intramuscular injections cause locomotor defects and decreased dopamine levels | |
| Larvae | Wen et al. (2008) | GFP line to visualize TH-positive neurons. Loss of neurons in posterior and the hypothalamus | |
| Larvae | Dukes et al. (2016) | GFP line to visualize mitochondria in DNs. Reduction of mitochondrial transport | |
| Adults | Babu et al. (2016) | Injection. Increased synuclein, identified 73 proteins upregulated with MPTP exposure | |
| 6-OHDA | Adults | Anichtchik et al. (2004) | Intracerebral/intramuscular injections cause locomotor defects and decreased dopamine levels |
| Larvae | Parng et al. (2007) | Reduction TH-positive neurons in hypothalamus, posterior tuberculum, ventral thalamus and pretectum | |
| Larvae | Feng et al. (2014) | Minocycline, Vitamin E and Sinemet can rescue locomotor defects | |
| Adults | Vijayanathan et al. (2017) | Decreased TH-positive neurons, decreased swim speed, spontaneous recovery by 30 dpf | |
| Rotenone | Adults | Bretaud et al. (2004) | High doses: lethality, low doses: no morphological or locomotor defects |
| Adults | Wang et al. (2017) | Decrease in DA and TH expression, behavioural abnormality, olfactory deficits | |
| Paraquat | Adults | Bortolotto et al. (2014) | Injection. Learning and motor deficits, increase in DA |
| Larvae | Nellore and Nandita, (2015) | Morphological defects, increased apoptosis | |
| Adults | Wang et al. (2016) | Upregulation of antioxidant genes | |
| Adults | Nunes et al. (2017) | Abnormal behaviour, increase in aggression | |
| Adults | Müller et al. (2018) | Injection. Learning and motor deficits, Sodium selenite diet prevents motor symptoms | |
| Larvae | Wang et al. (2018) | Locomotor defects, reduced mitochondrial activity | |
| Titanium dioxide nanoparticles | Larvae | Hu et al. (2017) | Loss of DNs, increase PD-associated gene expression, increase in ROS |
*DNs, Dopaminergic neurons DA - Dopamine TH, Tyrosine hydroxylase GFP, Green fluorescent protein ROS, reactive oxygen species.