Table 4.

Summary of representative cases identified in valve NGS.

Classification	Case	Blood culture	Valve culture	Valve NGS (Reads)	Antibiotics used
False positive cases	1	Negative	Negative	Staphylococcus hominis (8) Streptococcus oralis (3)	None
	2	Negative	Negative	Legionella drancourtii (10)
	3	Negative	Negative	Enterococcus faecium (277)
Disconcordant cases	4	Abiotrophia defective	Negative	Streptococcus mitis (71)	Imipenem cilastatin sodium combined with vancomycin
	5	Streptococcus mitis streptococcus oralis	Negative	Streptococcus gordonii (113)
	6	Streptococcus anginosus	Streptococcus gordonii	Streptococcus gordonii (979)
	7	Streptococcus mitis	Negative	Streptococcus oralis (357)
	8	Streptococcus mitis	Negative	Streptococcus oralis (1,132,57)
	9	Streptococus constelltus	Streptococcus gordonii	Streptococcus gordonii (1,196,702)
Cases with uncommon pathogens	10	Rothia aeria	Rothia aeria	Rothia aeria (20,125)	Imipenem cilastatin sodium combined with vancomycin
	11	Negative	Negative	Bartonella Quintana (287,213)
	12–19	Negative	Negative	Coxiella burnetii (118–1,559,253)	Doxycycline, imipenem cilastatin sodium, vancomycin