TABLE 1.
Patients’ clinical and demographic characteristics.
| case | Age, years | Sex | Liver injury | ALT (IU/L) (ULN = 35) | ALP (IU/L) (ULN = 116) | AST (IU/L) (ULN = 40) | Bilirubin (mg/dl) (ULN = 1.2) | DILI severity (symptoms) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 86 | M | Cholestatic | 416 | 720 | 379 | 1.6 | Moderate (fatigue, jaundice) |
| 2 | 62 | M | Cholestatic | 328 | 568 | 0.6 | Mild | |
| 3 | 59 | M | Cholestatic | 308 | 652 | 240 | 1.9 | Mild |
| 4 | 67 | F | Hepatocellular | 1,679 | 271 | 792 | 2.1 | Moderate (fatigue, nausea, vomiting) |
| 5 | 56 | F | Hepatocellular | 202 | 101 | 170 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 6 | 88 | M | Hepatocellular | 1,010 | 108 | 783 | 0.8 | Mild |
| 7 | 23 | F | Hepatocellular | 536 | 47 | 1,297 | 1.09 | Mild |
| 8 | 69 | F | Cholestatic | 417 | 325 | 223 | 0.7 | Mild |
| 9 | 57 | F | Hepatocellular | 175 | 85 | 148 | 0.7 | Mild |
| 10 | 38 | F | Hepatocellular | 2,208 | 156 | 1,612 | 3.3 | Severe (jaundice, coagulopathy) |
| 11 | 33 | F | Hepatocellular | 1,401 | 100 | 2.3 | Moderate (jaundice) | |
| 12 | 14 | F | Hepatocellular | 2013 | 261 | 2,785 | 3.5 | Severe (fatigue, nausea, vomiting, coagulopathy) |
| 13 | 58 | M | Cholestatic | 261 | 163 | 143 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 14 | 2 | F | Hepatocellular | 2039 | 549 | 2,308 | 6.9 | Moderate (jaundice) |
| 15 | 31 | M | Mixed | 924 | 315 | 1,494 | 0.7 | Mild |
| 16 | 45 | F | Cholestatic | 192 | 362 | 117 | 0.5 | Mild |
| 17 | 62 | M | Cholestatic | 154 | 742 | 277 | 1.3 | Mild |
| 18 | 83 | F | Cholestatic | 362 | 379 | 563 | 0.9 | Mild |
| 19 | 59 | F | Hepatocellular | 475 | 116 | 143 | 0.5 | Mild |
| 20 | 13 | F | Cholestatic | 418 | 231 | 0.6 | Mild | |
| 21 | 58 | F | Cholestatic | 358 | 201 | 225 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 22 | 49 | M | Hepatocellular | 541 | 75 | 0.5 | Mild | |
| 23 | 69 | F | Cholestatic | 319 | 302 | 190 | 4.7 | Moderate (jaundice) |
| 24 | 37 | M | Mixed | 342 | 151 | 272 | 0.6 | Mild |
| 25 | 40 | M | Mixed | 245 | 95 | 133 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 26 | 49 | F | Hepatocellular | 177 | 77 | 150 | 0.5 | Mild |
| 27 | 46 | M | Hepatocellular | 183 | 72 | 80 | 0.6 | Mild |
| 28 | 44 | F | Mixed | 510 | 217 | 520 | 1.9 | Moderate (fatigue, nausea, vomiting) |
| 29 | 29 | F | Cholestatic | 279 | 159 | 118 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 30 | 54 | M | Hepatocellular | 249 | 49 | 192 | 0.7 | Mild |
| 31 | 68 | M | Hepatocellular | 345 | 83 | 225 | 0.2 | Mild |
| 32 | 42 | M | Hepatocellular | 2,555 | 144 | 16.9 | Severe (jaundice, coagulopathy) | |
| 33 | 51 | M | Hepatocellular | 216 | 88 | 84 | 0.8 | Mild |
| 34 | 33 | F | Hepatocellular | 4,091 | 111 | 2,596 | 16.6 | Severe (jaundice, coagulopathy) |
| 35 | 32 | F | Mixed | 305 | 150 | 242 | 0.2 | Mild |
| 36 | 78 | F | Mixed | 260 | 126 | 97 | 1.0 | Mild |
| 37 | 45 | M | Hepatocellular | 508 | 70 | 375 | 0.6 | Mild |
| 38 | 55 | F | Cholestatic | 285 | 173 | 0.8 | Mild | |
| 39 | 44 | M | Mixed | 481 | 127 | 183 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 40 | 41 | M | Hepatocellular | 1,269 | 146 | 638 | 0.5 | Mild |
| 41 | 39 | F | Mixed | 311 | 129 | 111 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 42 | 60 | F | Hepatocellular | 3,014 | 164 | 3,125 | 2.2 | Moderate (jaundice) |
| 43 | 26 | F | Cholestatic | 436 | 396 | 0.3 | Mild | |
| 44 | 80 | M | Hepatocellular | 228 | 49 | 172 | 0.4 | Mild |
| 45 | 73 | F | Hepatocellular | 251 | 99 | 240 | 0.3 | Mild |
Abbreviations, DILI; drug-induced liver injury, ALP; alkaline phosphatase, ALT; alanine aminotransferase, AST, aspartate aminotransferase; F, female; M, male; ULN, upper limit of normal.