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. 2022 Jan 5;16:451–471. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.021

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

The binding ability of C-BMP-2, C-TGF-β3, C-GDF-7 on the collagen of O-BDEM, and in-vitro release pattern of C-BMP-2, C-TGF-β3, C-GDF-7 from CBP-GFs/O-BDEM. (A) Schematic illustration of the chemical structure of the CBP-GFs, a collagen-binding peptide (CBP) was fused into the N-terminus of an active fragment of GFs using a linker sequence. (B) Schematic illustration of the preparation of CBP-GFs/O-BDEM. C-BMP-2, C-TGF-β3, C-GDF-7 were region-specifically tethered on the BZ, FZ, and TZ of O-BDEM by a collagen-binding peptide (CBP), thus constructing a CBP-GFs/O-BDEM. BZ: bony zone, FZ: fibrocartilaginous zone, TZ: tendinous zone. (C) The binding curves of BMP-2 or C-BMP-2, TGF-β3 or C-TGF-β3, GDF-7 or C-GDF-7 on the collagens of DBM, DFM, DTM. (D) The curves showed the residual proportions of BMP-2 or C-BMP-2, TGF-β3 or C-TGF-β3, GDF-7 or C-GDF-7 in the DBM, DFM, DTM after rinsing in PBS every one day. (E) The residual NAT-GFs or CBP-GFs in the BZ, FZ, and TZ of O-BDEM after rinsing in PBS for 1 day, 4 days, 7 days, 10 days. BMP-2 and C-BMP-2, TGF-β3 and C-TGF-β3, GDF-7 and C-GDF-7 were labeled with Alexa Fluor™ 405, Alexa Fluor™ 488, Alexa Fluor™ 594, respectively. Bar = 200 μm. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 4). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (independent samples t-test).