Fig. 2.

Anti-Sca-1 antibody modification significantly enhances the recruitment, capture, and retainment of Sca-1⁺ SPCs on PCL vascular grafts in serum-free medium in vitro. (A) Representative CLSM images of the DiO-labeled Sca-1⁺ SPCs attached to different groups of PCL mats under static culture. Scale bar, 100 μm. (B) The number of attached Sca-1⁺ SPCs was quantified. Data were expressed as mean ± s.e.m. for each group: **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. n = 6 images per sample, with a total of 6 samples per group. (C) Schematic illustration of dynamic flow culture of cells in vitro. (D) Representative CLSM images of DiO-labeled Sca-1+ SPCs on the PCL and PCL-Sca-1 Ab grafts after dynamic capture (12 dyn/cm²) for 2 h. Scale bars, 500 μm or 100 μm (magnified images). (E) Quantitative analysis of the number of captured Sca-1⁺ SPCs on different grafts after dynamic flow culture. Data were expressed as mean ± s.e.m. for each group: ***p < 0.001. n = 6 images (different regions of the graft) per sample, with a total of 6 samples per group. (F) Representative CLSM images of the DiO-labeled Sca-1⁺ SPCs retained on the PCL and PCL-Sca-1 Ab grafts after 6 h of dynamic flow culture (12 dyn/cm²). Scale bars, 500 μm or 100 μm (magnified images). (G) Quantitative analysis of the number of retained Sca-1⁺ SPCs on different grafts after dynamic flow culture. Data were expressed as mean ± s.e.m. for each group: **p < 0.01. n = 6 images (different regions of the graft) per sample, with a total of 6 samples per group.