Table V.
Patient, injury, and management factors associated with failure to return to sport on bivariate analysis (n = 182); all variables were analyzed; only data for selected variables (significant relationships, management, complications, union outcome) are shown.
| Factor | Returned to sport (n = 162) |
Did not return (n = 20) |
OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age at injury, yrs (SD) | 52.0 (16.4) | 60.9 (18.3) | 0.016* | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | 4.53 (1.28 to 16.1) | 0.015† | ||
| None | 72 (44.4) | 3 (15.0) | ||
| ≥ 1 | 90 (55.6) | 17 (85.0) | ||
| Pre-injury employment status, n (%) | 4.15 (1.59 to 10.8) | 0.002‡ | ||
| Employed | 119 (73.5) | 8 (40.0) | ||
| Unemployed/retired | 43 (26.5) | 12 (60.0) | ||
| Radial nerve palsy, n (%) | 4.81 (1.30 to 17.8) | 0.030† | ||
| No | 154 (95.1) | 16 (80.0) | ||
| Yes | 8 (4.9) | 4 (20.0) | ||
| Primary management, n (%) | 1.02 (0.35 to 2.97) | 0.976‡ | ||
| Operative | 41 (25.3) | 5 (25.0) | ||
| Nonoperative | 121 (74.7) | 15 (75.0) | ||
| Treatment complications, n (%) | 0.21 (0.03 to 1.59) | 0.130† | ||
| No | 129 (79.6) | 19 (95.0) | ||
| Yes | 33 (20.4) | 1 (5.0) | ||
| Initial union outcome, n (%) | 1.67 (0.56 to 4.97) | 0.356‡ | ||
| Union | 135 (83.3) | 15 (75.0) | ||
| Nonunion | 27 (16.7) | 5 (25.0) | ||
| Underwent nonunion surgery, n (%) | 1.31 (0.41 to 4.23) | 0.748† | ||
| No | 136 (84.0) | 16 (80.0) | ||
| Yes | 26 (16.0) | 4 (20.0) | ||
| Final union outcome, n (%) | 17.9 (1.55 to 207) | 0.032† | ||
| Union | 161 (99.4) | 18 (90.0) | ||
| Nonunion | 1 (0.6) | 2 (10.0) |
*
Mann-Whitney U test.
†
Fisher's exact test.
‡
Chi-squared test.
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation.