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TMAO pathway. Dietary precursors, like carnitine, choline and phosphatidylcholine are metabolized by gut microbiota into trimethylamine (TMA), which will interact with flavin monooxygenases (FMOs) in the liver, producing trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), an important factor in the pathogenesis of CVD. Created with BioRender.com (Last accessed on 16 January 2022).
