Table 1.

Timeline and Coding Process.

Area	Details
Data source	The data were anonymized cases obtained from the charity Age UK’s helpline that were previously flagged as EA cases by the helpline staff over a period of 3 years (April 2014–March 2017). Each case included a description of the concerns reported by the enquirer and recorded by Age UK staff. This case description generally encompassed details about the individuals involved in the case (i.e., alleged victim and perpetrator), their characteristics, the victim–perpetrator relationship, and the abusive situation (e.g., a description of the type of abuse and abusive behaviors).
Timeline for coding	February 2018–July 2019
Steps followed	1. Two of the authors developed a data collection tool to gather information on the variables of interest (described in “Materials”) prior to the start of the coding process. These variables related to four main areas: sample characteristics, relationship between the victim and perpetrator, vulnerability and risk factors, and abuse type(s). The procedure of extracting case characteristics from secondary data has been employed previously by researchers in the field (e.g., Storey & Perka, 2018; Weissberger et al., 2020). 2. Two coders independently assessed and extracted the relevant data from the cases. Coding involved carefully reading the cases, extracting the information using the data collection tool, and entering the data into SPSS in preparation for data analysis. a. First, the two coders coded several practice cases together to ensure consistency and resolve disagreement. b. Second, and once consistency was reached in ‘a’, the next 86 cases (7%) were coded by both coders separately to calculate inter-rater reliability early in the process. As inter-rater reliability was high, a decision was made not to double code and compare further cases. All further data were coded by one of the researchers.