Table 1.
Demographics, plasma biomarkers and clinical variables
| Non-progression to AD dementia (n = 84) | Progression to AD dementia (n = 26) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.52 ± 8.20 | 74.77 ± 8.12 | 0.08 |
| Sex F to M (%) | 38:46 (45%) | 14:12 (54%) | 0.59 |
| Years of education | 13.62 ± 4.01 | 14.42 ± 3.81 | 0.36 |
| APOE4 carriers: non carriers (%)a | 21:56 (27%) | 14:9 (61%) | 0.006 |
| Plasma p-tau217, pg/ml | 0.25 ± 0.24 | 0.62 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |
| Plasma NfL, pg/ml | 13.94 ± 6.99 | 19.14 ± 6.77 | 0.002 |
| Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40b | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.13 |
| Plasma GFAPb, pg/ml | 164.69 ± 117.31 | 251.30 ± 115.21 | 0.006 |
| Hippocampal volume, cm3 | 4.72 ± 0.72 | 4.41 ± 0.68 | < 0.001 |
| mPACC | 0.15 ± 0.82 | − 0.50 ± 0.82 | 0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless specified otherwise. p-values were obtained from t-test or chi-square (sex and APOE4) comparing the two MCI groups, i.e., those who progressed to AD dementia within three years vs. those who did not
Abbreviations Aβ beta-amyloid, APOE4 apolipoprotein E genotype (carrying at least one ε4 allele), GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein, mPACC modified Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite, NfL neurofilament light, p-tau217 phosphorylated tau 217
a Genotype missing for 7 non progressors and 3 progressors
b Values available for 80/110 participants (59 non-progressors and 21 progressors)