TABLE 1:
Characteristics of Older Men Presenting for Stress Urinary Incontinence Consultation by Decisional Regret
| All | None to minimal decisional regret (DRS ≤ 25) | Moderate to severe decisional regret (DRS > 25) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 130 | N = 101 | N = 29 | p-value | |
| DEMOGRAPHICS | ||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 74.9 ± 4.6 | 75.0 (4.4) | 74.4 (5.0) | 0.509 |
| Race: White (vs. non-white) – n (%) | 113 (86.9) | 87 (86%) | 26 (89%) | 0.245 |
| Education: College grad – n (%) | 99 (76.2) | 23 (23%) | 8 (28%) | 0.592 |
| Marital status: Married/partnered – n (%) | 102 (78.5) | 82 (81%) | 20 (69%) | 0.158 |
| Health literacy (low) – n (%) | 5 (3.9) | 3 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 0.332 |
| COMORBIDITIES & FUNCTIONAL STATUS | ||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (mean ± SD) | 5.2 ± 2.0 | 5.2 (2.0) | 5.1 (2.2) | 0.676 |
| 10-year mortality risk1 > 50% – n (%) | 93 (71.5) | 74 (73%) | 19 (65%) | 0.415 |
| Functional status: help with 1+ ADL – n (%) | 13 (10.0) | 9 (9%) | 4 (14%) | 0.440 |
| TUG score2 in seconds (mean ± SD) | 9.6 ± 2.4 | 9.1 (2.3) | 10.0 (2.9) | 0.274 |
| Prefrail/Frail: TUG2 > 10 seconds – n (%) | 29 (22.3) | 20 (26%) | 9 (36%) | 0.316 |
| Upper extremity function score3 (mean ± SD) | 52.9 ± 3.6 | 52.8 (3.8) | 53.3 (2.7) | 0.519 |
| Physical QOL4 (mean ± SD) | 51. 3 ± 9.1 | 52.0 (8.8) | 48.9 (9.8) | 0.099 |
| MENTAL HEALTH & COGNITION | ||||
| Anxiety5 – n (%) | 5 (3.9) | 3 (3%) | 2 (7%) | 0.332 |
| Depression6 – n (%) | 13 (10.0) | 6 (6%) | 7 (24%) | 0.004 |
| Cognitive impairment7 – n (%) | 0 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| Mental QOL4 (mean ± SD) | 55.6 ± 8.4 | 56.8 (8.1) | 52.3 (8.7) | 0.015 |
| INCONTINENCE CHARACTERISTICS | ||||
| Etiology | ||||
| H/o surgery only – n (%) | 58 (44.6) | 83 (82%) | 26 (90%) | 0.335 |
| H/o surgery + XRT – n (%) | 69 (53.1) | 57 (56%) | 14 (48%) | 0.437 |
| Other etiology – n (%) | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.591 |
| Prior radiation – n (%) | 71 (54.6) | 57 (56%) | 14 (48%) | 0.437 |
| Prior hormone therapy – n (%) | 30 (23.1) | 25 (25%) | 5 (17%) | 0.397 |
| Amount of leakage – n (%) | 0.527 | |||
| Small amount | 25 (19.2) | 18 (18.0) | 7 (24.1) | |
| Moderate amount | 72 (55.4) | 55 (55.0) | 17 (58.6) | |
| Large amount | 32 (24.6) | 27 (27.0) | 5 (17.1) | |
| Frequency of leakage – n (%) | 0.621 | |||
| 2–3 times per week | 3 (2.3) | 3 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Daily | 15 (11.5) | 10 (10.0) | 5 (17.2) | |
| Several times a day | 42 (32.3) | 31 (31.0) | 11 (37.9) | |
| All the time | 69 (53.1) | 56 (56.0) | 13 (44.8) | |
| Leakage interference, 0–10 (mean ± SD) | 5.7 ± 3.2 | 5.8 ±3.2 | 5.3 ± 3.2 | 0.117 |
| Pre-decision leakage ICIQ score8 (mean ± SD) | 14.2 ± 4.4 | 14.4 (4.5) | 13.4 (4.3) | 0.324 |
| Urgency symptoms at presentation – n (%) | 29 (22.3) | 23 (25%) | 6 (21%) | 0.720 |
| TREATMENT CHARACTERISTICS | ||||
| Treatment type | 0.001 | |||
| Conservative (no surgery) – n (%) | 69 (53) | 45 (44%) | 24 (83%) | |
| Sling – n (%) | 12 (9) | 11 (11%) | 1 (3%) | |
| Sphincter – n (%) | 49 (38) | 45 (45%) | 4 (14%) | |
| Shared decision-making score (mean (SD)) | 72.9 (26.1) | 77.4 (4.7) | 56.9 (4.5) | 0.002 |
| Any complication – n (%) | 17 (28) | 15 (27%) | 2 (40%) | 0.528 |
| Post-decision leakage ICIQ score8 (mean (SD)) | 8.90 (5.1) | 7.80 (4.7) | 13.10 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| Time since consultation, in months (mean (SD)) | 31.6 (1.4) | 31.8 (1.5) | 30.6 (3.3) | 0.710 |
| Time since surgery, in months (mean (SD)), where relevant | 28.6 (2.0) | 28.8 (2.1) | 26.3 (6.8) | 0.740 |
10-year mortality determined by the Lee Index
TUG – Timed Up and Go Test. TUG score of > 10 seconds indicates prefrail or frail.
Upper extremity function determined by Neuro-QOL Short Form v1.0 - Upper Extremity Function: Fine Motor ADL. Raw scores are transformed into a standardized T-score where 50 represents the mean of the reference population with a standard deviation of 10.
Physical and mental QOL determined by PROMIS Scale v1.2 - Global Health. Raw scores are transformed into a standardized T-score where 50 represents the mean of the reference population with a standard deviation of 10.
Anxiety determined by Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2)
Depression determined by Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item scale (PHQ-2)
Cognitive impairment determined by Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ)
Incontinence score determined by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Urinary Incontinence Short Form. Score ranges from 0 (no incontinence) to 21 (significant, bothersome incontinence).