TABLE 4.
Treatments administered in patients with COVID-19 by severity
| Mild (n = 16) | Moderate (n = 18) | Severe (n = 13) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Highest oxygen requirement, n (%) | – | <0.001 | ||
| MV | 0 (0) | 7 (54) | ||
| HFNC | 0 (0) | 4 (31) | ||
| NIV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| NRB | 0 (0) | 2 (15) | ||
| NC | 11 (61) | 0 (0) | ||
| Dexamethasone, n (%) | – | 13 (72) | 13 (100) | 0.039 |
| Steroid augmentation beside dexamethasone, n (%) | – | 5 (28) | 10 (77) | 0.006 |
| Remdesivir, n (%) | – | 15 (83) | 13 (100) | 0.13 |
| <5 da | 3 | 2 | ||
| 5 d | 12 | 10 | ||
| 10 d | 0 | 1 | ||
| Convalescent plasma, n (%) | – | 3 (17) | 2 (15) | 0.93 |
| Tocilizumab, n (%) | – | 0 (0) | 2 (15) | 0.09 |
| mAb therapy (before admission), n (%) | 6 (38) | 2 (11)b | 2 (15) | 0.15 |
| Bamlanivimab | 6 | 1 | 2 | – |
| Casirivimab/imdevimab | 0 | 1 | 0 | – |
| Days from positive test to mAb therapy, mean (range) | 4.2 (1–10) | 5.5 (5–6) | 4.5 (4–5) | |
| Days from symptoms to mAb therapy, mean (range) | 4.8 (2–7) | 4.5 (2–7) | 7 (7–7) | |
| Days from mAb therapy to admission, mean (range) | – | 6 (1–11) | 2 (0–4) | |
| Cell-cycle inhibitor reduced or held, n (%)c | 1 (6%) | 9 (50%) | 10 (77%) | <0.001 |
| Broad-spectrum antibiotics on admission, n (%) | – | 14 (78%) | 12 (92%) | 0.26 |
| Broad-spectrum antibiotics during disease course, n (%) | – | 13 (72%)d | 13 (100%) | 0.039 |
| Dialysis, n (%) | – | 0 (0%)e | 4 (31%)e | 0.009 |
| Vasopressors, n (%) | – | 0 (0%) | 7 (54%) | <0.001 |
| Enrolled in clinical trial, n (%) | – | 0 (0%) | 4 (31%) | 0.01 |
aFive patients received less than the standard 5-d course because of improvement of oxygenation status to room air or complications including concern for hepatotoxicity or acute kidney injury.
bOne patient received mAb after their index COVID-19 admission and is not included in this total.
cOne patient with mild disease, 5 patients who had moderate disease, and 2 patients who had severe disease were already off cell-cycle inhibitors at baseline and are not included in these totals.
dAntibiotic data could not be determined for 1 patient who was admitted to an outside hospital.
eOne patient in both the moderate and severe groups was already on hemodialysis at baseline and not included in this total.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HFNC, high flow nasal cannula; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MV, mechanical ventilation; NC, nasal cannula; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; NRB, nonrebreather.