Fig 2. Association between infections with multiple founders and neutralization breadth.

Comparisons of individuals who neutralized <35% of a 34-virus panel three to four years post-infection (non-broad neutralizers) and >70% of the panel (broad neutralizers) and had single (grey fill) or multiple (pink fill) founder infections. Individuals with neutralization estimates sampled less than two years post-infection are categorized as intermediate neutralizers (35% < neutralization breadth < 70%). Percentage of (A) RV217 participants and (B) RV144 placebo recipients within each breadth category who had infections with single (grey) and multiple (pink) founders. (C) ROC graph of the performance of founder multiplicity (pink line) for predicting neutralization breadth in RV217 participants (solid pink line) and RV144 placebo recipients (dashed pink line). The null expectation is shown as a solid black line. AUC estimates are shown. (D) Neutralization breadth in RV217 participants with single (grey) or multiple (pink) founder infections sampled at one year, two years, and three years post-diagnosis, and at peak breadth. Participants with superinfections are shown in darker shades. (E) Neutralization breadth in RV144 placebo recipients sampled at one year and three years post-diagnosis. (D,E) The number of individuals in each group is shown in parenthesis and p-values for pairwise comparisons are shown above each pair. (A,C,D) Parenthetical numbers indicate values after removing individuals identified as superinfected.