Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Mar 29;44(1):571–580. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2022.2056054

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 1. — Vicious circle of AKI and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. AKI profoundly alters enteric microbial compositional disruption, and the kidney can also be the direct target of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis by intestinal barrier disruption and excessive secretion of uremic toxins and triggers immune response. AKI profoundly alters enteric microbial compositional disruption, and the kidney is also the direct target of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis by intestinal barrier disruption and excessive secretion of uremic toxins and triggers immune response. (LPS: lipopolysaccharide; TJs: tight intercellular junctions; JAMs: junctional adhesion molecules; MLCK: myosin light chain kinase; SCFAs: short-chain fatty acids; PCS: p-cresyl sulfate; IS: indoxyl sulfate; TMAO: trimethylamine-N-oxide; AKI: acute kidney injury; CKD: chronic kidney disease).