Table 3.
Value of activity index in predicting clinical features at time of renal biopsy
| Clinical features and Lupus Nephritis Classes | Activity Index | Endocapillary Hypercellularity | Neutrophil Infiltration | Hyaline Deposits | Cellular Crescents | Fibrinoid Necrosis | Interstitial Infiltration | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤6 | >6 (43%) | 0 | >0 (66%) | 0 | >0 (75%) | 0 | >0 (52%) | ≤1 | >1 (20%) | ≤1 | >1 (35%) | 0 | >0 (50%) | |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dl | 1.1 (±1) | 1.4 (±1) | 1.2 (±1) | 1.3 (±1) | 1 (±1.1)a | 1.3 (±1)a | 1.1 (±1) | 1.4 (±1.1) | 1.2 (±0.9) | 1.7 (±1.3) | 1.2 (±1)a | 1.3 (±1)a | 1 (±1) | 1.5 (±1) |
| Proteinuria, g/24 h | 3.7 (±2.9)a | 4.4 (±3.8)a | 3.7 (±3)a | 4.2 (±3.5)a | 3.3 (±2.5)a | 4.2 (±3.5)a | 3.6 (±2.8) | 4.4 (±3.6) | 3.9 (±3.5)a | 4.2 (±2.4)a | 4.3 (±3.7)a | 3.5 (±2.3)a | 3.9 (±3.6)a | 4.1 (±2.9)a |
| Urinary erythrocytes, n/HPF | 17 (±25) | 32.6 (±32) | 13.1 (±25) | 29.8 (±31) | 10.6 (±25) | 28.4 (±30) | 17.2 (±28) | 30.6 (±30) | 22.2 (±29) | 32.3 (±31) | 20.2 (±28) | 31 (±32) | 20.4 (±29) | 28.3 (±30) |
| Serum albumin, mg/dl | 3 (±0.8)a | 2.8 (±0.6)a | 2.9 (±0.8)a | 2.9 (±0.7)a | 3.1 (±0.8)a | 2.9 (±0.7)a | 3 (±0.8) | 2.8 (±0.7) | 2.9 (±0.7)a | 2.8 (±0.6)a | 2.9 (±0.8)a | 3 (±0.7)a | 3 (±0.8)a | 2.8 (±0.7)a |
| C3, mg/dlb | 69.2 (±26) | 52.3 (±23) | 74.6 (±26) | 54.9 (±23) | 77.4 (±27) | 56.3 (±23) | 70.9 (±26) | 53.2 (±23) | 62.8 (±27)a | 56.5 (±22)a | 65.3 (±28) | 54.9 (±21) | 61.5 (±26) | 61.6 (±26) |
| C4, mg/dlb | 14.3 (±11) | 9.9 (±8.5) | 15.5 (±11) | 10.7 (±9) | 16.9 (±12) | 10.8 (±8.8) | 14.1 (±10) | 10.7 (±9.5) | 12.3 (±9.6)a | 12.6 (±12)a | 14 (±11) | 9.4 (±8) | 12.4 (±9.5)a | 12.2 (±11)a |
| Hematocrit, % | 35 (±7) | 32 (±5) | 35 (±7) | 33 (±5) | 37 (±6) | 32 (±6) | 35 (±7) | 32 (±5) | 34 (±6) | 32 (±5) | 34 (±6) | 32 (±5) | 34 (±6) | 33 (±6) |
| Class III, n (%) | 35 (30) | 10 (11) | 16 (23) | 29 (22) | 4 (8) | 41 (27) | 29 (30) | 16 (15) | 39 (24) | 6 (15) | 27 (20) | 18 (25) | 24 (24)a | 21 (21)a |
| Class IV, n (%) | 31 (27) | 77 (88) | 13 (19) | 95 (71) | 6 (12) | 102 (67) | 20 (20) | 88 (83) | 74 (45) | 34 (85) | 56 (42) | 52 (73) | 46 (45)a | 62 (61)a |
| Class V, n (%) | 47 (41) | 1 (1)c | 39 (56) | 9 (7) | 38 (76) | 10 (7) | 46 (47) | 2 (2) | 48 (29) | 0 | 47 (36) | 1 (1) | 30 (29)a | 18 (18)a |
(%) in the header row indicates the percentage of patients with the above-mentioned features. Values are expressed as mean (±SD), unless otherwise indicated.
Values indicate significant differences between the two compared groups (P<0.05), unless otherwise indicated by a footnote symbol. All of the histologic variables were evaluated as 0 if absent; 1+ if mild (in <25% of glomeruli and/or in tubulointerstitial area); 2+ if moderate (between 25% and <50% of glomeruli and/or in tubulointerstitial area); and 3+ if severe (in >50% of glomeruli and/or in tubulointerstitial area). HPF, high power field.
Nonsignificant differences between the two compared groups.
Normal value of C3 (normal values 90–180 mg/dl) and of C4 (normal values 10–40 mg/dl).
This patient had superimposed thrombotic microangiopathy.