Table 4.

Association between history of glomerular disease with kidney function recovery, and determinants of kidney function recovery in patients with history of glomerular disease

	Glomerular Neuropathy Hospitalized versus Control Hospitalized			Glomerular Neuropathy Hospitalized and Glomerular Neuropathy Outpatients Pooled
	Crude	eGFR Adjusted	Fully Adjusted	eGFR	Full Model
Preexisting GN	1.23	1.60	1.47
	(0.62 to 2.43)	(0.66 to 3.86)	(0.57 to 3.77)
	0.55	0.3	0.43
Prior eGFR (per 1 SD unit decrease)		0.57b	0.55b	0.55a	0.59b
		(0.36 to 0.90)	(0.33 to 0.90)	(0.35 to 0.86)	(0.36 to 0.95)
		0.02	0.02	0.009	0.03
Age (per 1 SD unit increase)			1.10		1.02
			(0.66 to 1.82)		(0.61 to 1.73)
			0.73		0.93
Sex			0.93		1.25
			(0.40 to 2.15)		(0.49 to 3.18)
			0.86		0.64
Non-White ethnicity			1.78		2.73b
			(0.69 to 4.60)		(1.03 to 7.28)
			0.24		0.04
RAASi use			1.07		1.24
			(0.31 to 3.67)		(0.44 to 3.46)
			0.92		0.69

Data shown are odds ratios from logistic regression models examining the association between history of glomerular disease and recovery of kidney disease (i.e., at least one eGFR values with –10% of pre-COVID-19 eGFR [baseline]), comparing GN hospitalized patients with Ctrl hospitalized patients. For each outcome, three regression models are reported: crude model (no adjustment), eGFR adj. (adjusted for pre-COVID-19 eGFR), and fully adj. (additionally adjusted for age, sex, non-White ethnicity, and RAASi use). On the right, the same logistic model is fitted in GN hospitalized patients and GN outpatients (pooled) for examining prior eGFR (i.e., pre-COVID-19). The model is fitted before (eGFR model), and after (full model) adjusting for the other covariates. Odds ratios associated with eGFR are expressed per 1 SD unit (approximately 30 ml/min per 1.73 m²) decrease. Therefore, an odds ratio associated with a prior eGFR of 0.55 means that the odds of recovery decreases by 0.55 times every 30 ml/min per 1.73 m² decrease of pre-COVID-19 eGFR; the odds ratio for age is expressed per 1 SD (approximately 15 years) increase in age. Numbers in brackets represent 95% confidence intervals; the numbers below the brackets are the associated P values. Crtl, control; GN, history of glomerular disease; RAASi, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors.

^aP<0.01.

^bP<0.05.