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Dynamic hyperinflation occurs when accumulated breath stacking progressively increases lung operating volume. When lung operating volume approaches total lung capacity, lung stiffness, and suboptimal diaphragm position increase the work of breathing (WOB) and dyspnoea. TLC, total lung capacity; LOV, lung operating volume; EILV, end-inspiratory lung volume; EELV, end-expiratory lung volume; and VT, tidal volume.
