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. 2022 Mar 17;28:101830. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2022.101830

Table 2.

Classification system described by described by Buckwalter.10,11

Classification of chondral and osteochondral injuries
1 No visible disruption of the articular surface
Internal chondral damage and subchondral bone injury
2 Mechanical disruption of the articular surface limited to articular cartilage
3 Mechanical disruption of articular cartilage and subchondral bone