Table 4.
Associations between primary care performance and preventive care measures
| Measure | Mean, % (95% CI) | Adjusted mean difference (95% CI)* | P value |
| Overall composite (n=1757) | |||
| No usual source of primary care | 33.9 (32.4 to 35.3) | Reference | |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q1 | 41.1 (38.5 to 43.7) | 3.5 (0.5 to 6.4) | 0.021 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q2 | 43.4 (41.0 to 45.7) | 7.5 (4.8 to 10.3) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q3 | 44.0 (41.8 to 46.3) | 7.6 (4.8 to 10.5) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q4 | 46.7 (44.5 to 48.9) | 9.9 (7.0 to 12.9) | <0.001 |
| Screening composite (n=1757) | |||
| No usual source of primary care | 45.0 (43.0 to 47.0) | Reference | |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q1 | 52.2 (49.0 to 55.5) | 2.9 (−1.0 to 6.8) | 0.149 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q2 | 54.7 (51.6 to 57.8) | 7.2 (3.6 to 10.9) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q3 | 56.8 (53.8 to 59.7) | 7.3 (3.5 to 11.0) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q4 | 60.8 (58.1 to 63.5) | 10.2 (6.3 to 14.0) | <0.001 |
| Immunisation composite (n=1757) | |||
| No usual source of primary care | 20.8 (19.1 to 22.6) | Reference | |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q1 | 28.3 (24.9 to 31.7) | 5.9 (2.2 to 9.6) | 0.002 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q2 | 29.7 (26.6 to 32.7) | 8.3 (4.8 to 11.8) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q3 | 28.2 (25.3 to 31.0) | 8.3 (4.8 to 11.9) | <0.001 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q4 | 28.4 (25.5 to 31.3) | 9.0 (5.3 to 12.7) | <0.001 |
| Counselling composite (n=832) | |||
| No usual source of primary care | 26.9 (22.4 to 31.5) | Reference | |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q1 | 31.4 (23.1 to 39.8) | −1.0 (−10.4 to 8.5) | 0.842 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q2 | 37.5 (29.2 to 45.7) | 6.3 (−2.9 to 15.4) | 0.178 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q3 | 48.2 (40.4 to 56.0) | 10.2 (1.2 to 19.2) | 0.026 |
| JPCAT-SF Score Q4 | 57.3 (49.3 to 65.3) | 17.0 (7.8 to 26.2) | <0.001 |
JPCAT-SF score quartiles: Q1, 0.0–32.5; Q2, 33.3–43.8; Q3, 45.8–56.3; Q4, 58.3–100.0.
*Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, years of education, employment status, annual household income, smoking status, BMI, health literacy, number of chronic conditions and EQ-5D-5L; positive difference: participants with higher JPCAT-SF score received more preventive service.
BMI, body mass index; EQ-5D-5L, five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire; JPCAT-SF, Japanese version of Primary Care Assessment Tool Short Form.