Table 3.
Crude and adjusted generalized linear models of Poisson family with logarithmic link to evaluate the factors associated with anxiety or depression in the study sample.
| Anxiety symptomatology | Depression symptomatology | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | ||||||||
| PR | 95% CI | p-Value | PR | 95% CI | p-Value | PR | 95% CI | p-Value | PR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Female | 1.35 | 1.32–1.37 | <0.001 | 1.30 | 1.28–1.31 | <0.001 | 1.37 | 1.34–1.39 | <0.001 | 1.32 | 1.30–1.33 | <0.001 |
| Non-binary | 1.18 | 1.12–1.23 | <0.001 | 1.20 | 1.15–1.25 | <0.001 | 1.20 | 1.14–1.27 | <0.001 | 1.20 | 1.15–1.25 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| 18–24 | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| 25–34 | 0.93 | 0.92–0.94 | <0.001 | 0.94 | 0.93–0.95 | <0.001 | 0.84 | 0.83–0.84 | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.84–0.86 | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 0.87 | 0.86–0.88 | <0.001 | 0.91 | 0.90–0.92 | <0.001 | 0.74 | 0.73–0.75 | <0.001 | 0.78 | 0.77–0.79 | <0.001 |
| 45–54 | 0.79 | 0.77–0.81 | <0.001 | 0.86 | 0.84–0.88 | <0.001 | 0.66 | 0.65–0.67 | <0.001 | 0.71 | 0.70–0.72 | <0.001 |
| 55–64 | 0.71 | 0.69–0.74 | <0.001 | 0.83 | 0.80–0.86 | <0.001 | 0.58 | 0.57–0.60 | <0.001 | 0.68 | 0.66–0.69 | <0.001 |
| 65–74 | 0.65 | 0.62–0.68 | <0.001 | 0.82 | 0.78–0.86 | <0.001 | 0.53 | 0.52–0.55 | <0.001 | 0.67 | 0.64–0.69 | <0.001 |
| 75 years or older | 0.62 | 0.56–0.69 | <0.001 | 0.86 | 0.78–0.95 | 0.003 | 0.51 | 0.47–0.55 | <0.001 | 0.69 | 0.64–0.74 | <0.001 |
| Living area | ||||||||||||
| City | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Town | 0.96 | 0.94–0.97 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.94–0.98 | <0.001 | 0.99 | 0.98–1.00 | 0.178 | 0.98 | 0.96–0.99 | 0.003 |
| Village or rural area | 0.87 | 0.85–0.89 | <0.001 | 0.90 | 0.88–0.91 | <0.001 | 0.89 | 0.87–0.91 | <0.001 | 0.90 | 0.88–0.92 | <0.001 |
| COVID-19 symptomatology | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 1.64 | 1.63–1.66 | <0.001 | 1.47 | 1.46–1.49 | <0.001 | 1.65 | 1.63–1.67 | <0.001 | 1.44 | 1.43–1.45 | <0.001 |
| Physical distancing | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 0.92 | 0.91–0.94 | <0.001 | 0.98 | 0.97–0.99 | 0.004 | 0.91 | 0.89–0.92 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.96–0.98 | <0.001 |
| Handwashing | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 1.14 | 1.12–1.16 | <0.001 | 1.03 | 1.02–1.05 | <0.001 | 1.08 | 1.06–1.10 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.701 |
| Mask or face covering use | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 1.13 | 1.11–1.16 | <0.001 | 1.07 | 1.05–1.09 | <0.001 | 1.06 | 1.04–1.09 | <0.001 | 1.03 | 1.01–1.05 | <0.001 |
| Food insecurity | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 1.68 | 1.63–1.73 | <0.001 | 1.45 | 1.41–1.49 | <0.001 | 1.68 | 1.63–1.73 | <0.001 | 1.44 | 1.40–1.49 | <0.001 |
| Worried about becoming seriously ill or a family member become seriously ill with COVID-19 | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - | Reference | - | - |
| Yes | 2.85 | 2.71–2.99 | <0.001 | 2.30 | 2.20–2.41 | <0.001 | 2.85 | 2.71–2.99 | <0.001 | 1.94 | 1.87–2.02 | <0.001 |
95% CI, 95% confidence interval.