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. 2022 Jan 31;188(4):1825–1837. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiac027

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Representative structures of CRISPR–Cas systems. Cas proteins with crRNAs are shown with double-strand DNAs in (A)–(F) and with single-strand RNA in (G). A, Class I type I-D CRISPR–Cas10. Cas10 and Cas3 bind to the Cascade complex containing Cas5, Cas6, Cas7, and crRNA, then Cas10 cleaves and digests dsDNA at target site. B, Class I type I-E CRISPR–Cas3. Cas3 is recruited to the Cascade complex containing Cas5, Cas6, Cas7, Cas8, Cas11, and crRNA, then digests dsDNA at target sites. C, Class II type II CRISPR–Cas9. Single Cas9 protein forms a complex with crRNA annealing to tracrRNA and cleaves dsDNAs at target sites, producing blunt ends. D, Class II type V CRISPR–Cas12a. Single Cas12a protein forms a complex with crRNA and cleaves dsDNAs at target site, producing cohesive ends. E, Class II type V CRISPR–Cas12b. Single Cas12b protein forms a complex with crRNA annealing to tracrRNA and cleaves dsDNAs at target site, producing cohesive ends. F, Class II type V CRISPR–CasΦ. Single CasΦ protein forms a complex with crRNA and cleaves dsDNA at target sites, producing cohesive ends. G, Class II type VI CRISPR–Cas13. Single Cas13 protein forms a complex with crRNA, and cleaves single strand RNA of target gene. PFS, protospacer flanking sequence.