Table 2.
Differences in cardiotoxicity due to antineoplastic drugs.
| Antiblastic drugs | Major symptoms | Age differences | Gender differences |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthracyclines | Cardiac insufficiency | No age difference in the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in metastatic breast cancer patients >40 years of age treated with adriamycin (127). Increased incidence of CHF in patients older than 65 years of age with breast or lung cancer treated with adriamycin compared to those younger than 65 years of age (128). Age >65 years in patients with hematologic tumors treated with adriamycin may be a risk factor for the development of HF (129). |
Pediatric patients-greater cardiovascular risk in women (124, 125, 130). Adults-greater reduction of LVEF in men (131). Adult-High incidence of cardiogenic adverse events in men (132). |
| Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) | AF and hypertension (133) | Patients receiving TKI are more likely to experience cardiotoxicity as they get older (134). | Sunitinib-more is likely to develop cardiotoxicity in women (135). Other drugs in TKI, such as imatinib and sorafenib-no gender difference in cardiotoxicity (136). |
| Paclitaxel | Bradycardia and coronary artery spasm | - | Women are more sensitive to paclitaxel treatment and are less likely to experience cardiotoxicity (137). |