Table 5.

Linear-mixed effects regression model summary for frequency, imageability, and concreteness.

	Coefficient	SE	t value	p
Fixed effects
Intercept	4.393	0.063	29.84	<0.001	***
L2 proficiency	0.056	0.006	0.89	0.38
Frequency (hi/lo)	0.612	0.036	3.44	<0.001	***
Rating type (concreteness/imageability)	0.015	0.021	0.72	0.46
L2 proficiency * frequency * rating type	−0.059	0.002	−2.17	0.03	*
Random effects	Variance	SD
Subject Intercept	0.27	0.52
Word Intercept	2.71	1.65

^***p < 0.001;

^*p < 0.05.