Table 3.
Comparison of the materials used in biliary stent.
| Material | Degradation product |
Degradation time in bile | Mechanical properties retention time in bile | Animal test | Clinical trial | Brand (suture/stent) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
PLGA (80/20) |
lactic acid, glycolic acid |
2–3 weeks | 4 days | safe and effective (canine model) |
/ | Polysorb®,Vicryl®,Vicryl rap® | [16,32] |
| PGA | glycolic acid | 2 months | 1 week | / | / | / | [44,45] |
| PDX | glyoxylic acid, glycine | 3–5 months | 3 months | safe and effective (porcine model) |
safe and effective | ARCHIMEDES™, ELLA-CS® | [18,45] |
| PLLA | lactic acid | >9 months | >8 weeks | safe and effective (canine model) |
/ | / | [46] |
| PCL | hydroxycaproic acid | >70 days | / | / | / | / | [37,47,48] |
|
WE43 (Mg) |
Mg(H2PO4)2 | / | >60 days | / | safe and effective | UNITY-B™ | [41,43] |
PLGA: poly l-lactide-co-glycolide; PGA: poly(glyoxylic acid); PDX: Polydioxanone; PLLA: Poly(l-lactic acid); PCL: Polycaprolactone; Mg: magnesium.