Table 2.

IVCM, AS-OCT, and AS-OCTA findings in limbal stem cell deficiency.

IVCM	AS-OCT	AS-OCTA
• Lost normal limbal architecture with poor visualization of the palisades of Vogt; visible goblet cells throughout the conjunctivalised corneal epithelium; blurred epithelial cell contours, sub-basal fibrosis, and reduced sub-basal epithelial cell and nerve plexus density in the central cornea.44	• Loss of stromal undulations; loss of normal epithelial thickening in the limbus; loss of clear transition between corneal epithelium and conjunctival epithelium; high corneal epithelial reflectivity; low corneal stromal reflectivity; decreased corneal epithelial thickness.45,46	• Increased corneal vascular extension from the limbus to the furthest vessel over the cornea; increased corneal vascular thickness from the most superficial to the deepest corneal vessel.47

IVCM: in vivo confocal microscopy, AS-OCT: anterior segment optical coherence tomography, AS-OCTA: anterior segment tomography angiography