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. 2022 Mar 17;13:830482. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830482

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Copyright © 2022 Carpenter and Lu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Differential antibody engagement with Fc receptors mediate diverse innate and adaptive immune cell effector functions. Antibody diversity (A) in antigen specificity (theoretical n=10¹³), isotype (n=5), subclass (n=6) and post-translational glycosylation (theoretical n=36 possible different moieties) influence engagement of Fc receptors. Subsequent differential activation of high (red) and low (white) affinity Fc receptors (B) expressed on innate and adaptive immune cells (C) have the potential to mediate effector functions such as antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis and cytotoxicity (D) that in concert determine the heterogenous outcomes in human TB.