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. 2022 Mar 17;13:810230. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.810230

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Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Cao, Zhang, Huang, Li, Wang, Lu, Li, Yang and Shi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CM improves immunological barrier function. (A) Hematoxylin-eosin stained sections of the duodenum, △ represents intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, and ° represents intestinal epithelial cells. (B) The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes was counted and analyzed. (C,D) ELISA analysis of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the duodenal mucosa. Control, pigs fed a basal diet; CM, pigs fed the basal diet supplemented with CM at 300 mg/kg. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01.