Figure 2.

Hazard Ratios (HR) for Risk of Death from Obesity-related Disease comparing High and Low Neighborhood Walkability (NW) by Age, Obesity, Menopausal Status, DASH Score, Smoking Status, Parity, and Poverty Level.

^a Stratified models were conducted to assess the association between dichotomized NW (as measured by high and low median level) and risk of death from obesity-related disease by potential effect modifiers. Models adjusted for all covariates (age, race–ethnicity, education level, smoking status, alcohol intake, menopausal status, parity, percent of black population in neighborhood, and percent below the poverty level living in neighborhood at baseline). Note that stratified analyses did not adjust for the stratified effect modifier. The x-axis in the forest plot shows the untransformed hazard ratios on the log-scale.

^b P-value of the coefficient for the cross-product of dichotomized NW and the effect modifier is shown. Interaction models were computed treating effect modifiers as dichotomized variables. All interactions had 13,832 observations except for analyses including dietary DASH score (n = 13,567) and smoking status (n = 12,523) which were restricted to non-missing values.