Table 4.
Comparison with previous meta-analyses.
| Medication | Study | Medication use setting | Number of studies | OR/RR | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metformin | Our current study | Preadmission | 42 | 0.54 (0.47–0.62) | Decreased |
| Han et al. [5] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 20 | 0.62 (0.50–0.76) | Decreased | |
| Hariyanto et al. [74] | Preadmission | 5 | 0.54 (0.32–0.90) | Decreased | |
| Kan et al. [75] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 15 | 0.69 (0.55–0.86) | Decreased | |
| Kow et al. [76] | Preadmission | 5 | 0.62 (0.43–0.89) | Decreased | |
| Li et al. [77] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 19 | 0.66 (0.56–0.78) | Decreased | |
| Lukito et al. [78] | Preadmission | 6 | 0.64 (0.43–0.97) | Decreased | |
| Oscanoa et al. [79] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 22 | 0.56 (0.45–0.68) | Decreased | |
| Poly et al. [82] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 16 | 0.66 (0.54–0.80) | Decreased | |
| Scheen et al. [84] | Preadmission | 4 | 0.75 (0.67–0.85) | Decreased | |
| Schlesinger et al. [85] | ND | 4 | 0.50 (0.28–0.90) | Decreased | |
| Sun et al. [86] | Preadmission | 7 | 0.54 (0.35–0.84) | Decreased | |
| Yang et al. [87] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 17 | 0.63 (0.51–0.79) | Decreased | |
| Sulfonylurea | Our current study | Preadmission | 21 | 0.92 (0.83–1.01) | NS |
| Han et al. [5] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 4 | 0.93 (0.89–0.98) | Decreased | |
| Kan et al. [75] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 5 | 0.80 (0.66–0.96) | Decreased | |
| Schlesinger et al. [85] | ND | 2 | 0.73 (0.49–1.09) | NS | |
| Thiazolidinedione | Our current study | Preadmission | 8 | 0.90 (0.71–1.14) | NS |
| No published meta-analysis | |||||
| Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor | Our current study | Preadmission | 8 | 0.61 (0.26–1.45) | NS |
| No published meta-analysis | |||||
| Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist | Our current study | Preadmission | 12 | 0.51 (0.37–0.69) | Decreased |
| Han et al. [5] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 3 | 0.92 (0.80–1.04) | NS | |
| Hariyanto et al. [7] | Preadmission | 9 | 0.53 (0.43–0.66) | Decreased | |
| Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor | Our current study | Preadmission | 28 | 1.23 (1.07–1.42) | Increased |
| Bonora et al. [73] | Preadmission | 7 | 0.81 (0.57–1.15) | NS | |
| Han et al. [5] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 11 | 0.95 (0.72–1.26) | NS | |
| Hariyanto et al. [6] | Preadmission | 7 | 1.14 (0.87–1.51) | NS | |
| Kan et al. [75] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 8 | 0.72 (0.51–1.51) | NS | |
| Pal et al. [80] | Preadmission | 4 | 1.21 (0.72–2.03) | NS | |
| Patoulias et al. [81] | Preadmission | 8 | 1.14 (0.78–1.66) | NS | |
| Rakhmat et al. [83] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 9 | 0.76 (0.60–0.97) | Decreased | |
| Schlesinger et al. [85] | ND | 2 | 0.90 (0.59–1.36) | NS | |
| Yang et al. [4] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 4 | 0.58 (0.34–0.99) | Decreased | |
| Sodium–glucose transporter-2 inhibitor | Our current study | Preadmission | 13 | 0.60 (0.40–0.88) | Decreased |
| Han et al. [5] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 3 | 1.04 (0.56–1.92) | NS | |
| Insulin | Our current study | Preadmission | 33 | 1.70 (1.33–2.19) | Increased |
| Kan et al. [75] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 7 | 2.20 (1.34–3.60) | Increased | |
| Schlesinger et al. [85] | ND | 5 | 1.75 (1.01–3.03) | Increased | |
| Yang et al. [88] | Preadmission + in-hospital | 12 | 2.10 (1.51–2.93) | Increased |
Abbreviations: ND, not defined; NS, not significant.