TABLE 4.

Recommendations for future research to determine efficacy of workplace interventions in improving diet and diet-related health outcomes in health care workers

	Recommendations
Study design	Future research may benefit from controlling for health care subgroups and shift patterns to allow for more thorough comparison and therefore the design of effective interventions
	A minimum follow-up time of 12 mo may help establish whether interventions are sustainable
	Future research may benefit from controlling for physical activity in combined interventions to allow the measurement of the effectiveness of dietary and physical elements alone, as well as combined
	To reduce the risk of self-report and recall bias, future research may benefit from shortening the recall period time
Reporting	Randomized trials may benefit from clearly reporting details surrounding sequence generation, concealment and blinding so that the risk of bias can be appropriately assessed
	Explicitly stating the recall period length will allow an appropriate assessment of recall bias
	Reporting all outcome data would allow for a complete meta-analysis to be performed, and therefore the ability to make reliable associations between intervention and effect
Research gap	This review found that educational and/or behavioral strategies were most effective in increasing fruit and vegetable intake, whereas previous reviews have focused on environmental change. Further research into these strategies can clarify the most effective intervention type
	Consistent with previous reviews, this review found that environmental interventions were effective in reducing fat intake; research on specific subgroups and shift patterns can aid the design of tailored interventions
	Outcomes such as sugar and salt intake were not widely measured. As these are key contributors to diet-related illness, it may be beneficial to investigate interventions aiming to reduce sugar and salt intake