TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects.
| Women | Men | |
| N | 14 | 14 |
| Age (yrs) | 33 ± 6 | 29 ± 7 |
| Height (cm) | 169.0 ± 3.8 | 179.4 ± 9.9* |
| Weight (kg) | 65.0 ± 5.9 | 78.7 ± 15.9* |
| BSA (m2) | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.2* |
| MVPA (h⋅wk–1) | 6.0 ± 3.3 | 8.5 ± 5.2 |
| Smoking (%) | 0 | 0 |
| Resting echocardiography | ||
| HR (bpm) | 62 ± 9 | 59 ± 9 |
| RA (ml⋅m–2) | 21.0 ± 9.5 | 20.1 ± 5.5 |
| RV EDA (cm2⋅m–2) | 12.0 ± 2.4 | 11.5 ± 1.9 |
| RV ESA (cm2⋅m–2) | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 4.9 ± 1.0 |
| LA (ml⋅m–2) | 20.7 ± 8.4 | 21.6 ± 6.3 |
| LVEDV (ml⋅m–2) | 45.5 ± 10.5 | 59.3 ± 14.2* |
| LVESV (ml⋅m–2) | 12.4 ± 3.5 | 18.5 ± 6.9* |
| LVEF (%) | 72.2 ± 7.9 | 69.1 ± 5.2 |
| SV (ml⋅m–2) | 33.1 ± 9.7 | 40.6 ± 8.6* |
| Resting hemodynamics | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 131 ± 16 | 133 ± 19 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 74 ± 21 | 74 ± 13 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 88 ± 12 | 89 ± 18 |
| SVR (dyn⋅s⋅cm–5) | 2,108 ± 536 | 1,588 ± 558* |
| SV/PP (ml⋅mmHg–1) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4* |
| Aerobic capacity | ||
| VO2peak (ml⋅min–1) | 2,725 ± 549 | 3,862 ± 816* |
| VO2peak (ml⋅min–1⋅kg–1) | 42 ± 9 | 50 ± 11* |
Data are presented as mean ± SD.
*P < 0.05, women vs. men.
BSA, body surface area; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; LA, left atria; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PP, pulse pressure; RA, right atria; RV EDA, right ventricle end-diastolic area; RV ESA, right ventricle end-systolic area; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SV, stroke volume; SVR, systemic vascular resistance; VO2peak, peak oxygen uptake.