Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 24;2022:8328077. doi: 10.1155/2022/8328077

Table 2.

Automation levels.

Automation levels Interpretation
GoA-0 Terminal operating system with manual driving
GoA-1 Nonautomatic train operation
GoA-2 Semiautomatic train operation
GoA-3 Driverless train operation
GoA-4 Unattended train operation