Fig. 10.

Combination of oxygen-generating nanoparticles, chemotherapy, and anti-CTLA-4 therapy boosts cancer immunotherapy. O₂ is generated through the catalytic activity of CaO₂-based and MnO₂-based nanozymes, resulting in the relief of tumor hypoxia and suppression of Treg activity. The release of DOX from the nanoparticle core kills tumor cells and the resulting tumor cell death activates the surrounding immature DCs, which primes CTLs against the tumors. In combination with anti-CTLA-4 antibody, the Treg activity is suppressed and CTL response is upregulated.

Reproduced from [63] with permission from Springer. Copyright 2019