Figure 1. Simplified schematic representation of the insulin signal transduction pathway (IRSs= insulin receptor substrates, PI3K= Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, PIP2= Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, PIP3= Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, Akt= protein kinase B, Glut-4= glucose transporter type 4).