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. 2022 Mar 18;9:833571. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.833571

TABLE 2.

Multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of meat consumption with the prevalence of colorectal polyps.

Quartiles of meat consumption (g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1)

Risk factors Q1a Q2 Q3 Q4 P for trend
Total meat
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 24.2 (<40.7) 57.0 (40.7–73.6) 91.5 (73.6–111.7) 147.5 (≥111.7)
Cases/n 515/1,695 497/1,696 536/1,696 516/1,696
Model 1b 1 (ref) 0.96 (0.82–1.12) 1.08 (0.92–1.25) 1.08 (0.93–1.26) 0.16
Model 2c 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.80–1.10) 1.08 (0.92–1.26) 1.08 (0.93–1.27) 0.13
Model 3d 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.81–1.10) 1.08 (0.93–1.26) 1.09 (0.93–1.28) 0.12
Model 4e 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.80–1.09) 1.08 (0.92–1.26) 1.09 (0.93–1.28) 0.11
Red meat
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 11.0 (<22.1) 35.7 (22.1–51.3) 68.8 (51.3–86.2) 116.8 (≥86.2)
Cases/n 528/1,695 496/1,696 536/1,696 504/1,696
Model 1 1 (ref) 0.93 (0.80–1.08) 1.00 (0.86–1.16) 0.97 (0.83–1.13) 0.93
Model 2 1 (ref) 0.92 (0.79–1.07) 0.99 (0.85–1.16) 1.00 (0.85–1.16) 0.80
Model 3 1 (ref) 0.91 (0.78–1.07) 0.98 (0.84–1.15) 1.00 (0.85–1.17) 0.82
Model 4 1 (ref) 0.91 (0.78–1.06) 0.99 (0.85–1.15) 1.00 (0.85–1.17) 0.81
Unprocessed red meat
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 10.5 (<21.6) 35.0 (21.6–50.8) 68.0 (50.8–85.4) 115.8 (≥85.4)
Cases/n 526/1695 495/1696 537/1696 506/1696
Model 1 1 (ref) 0.94 (0.80–1.09) 1.00 (0.86–1.17) 0.98 (0.84–1.14) 0.97
Model 2 1 (ref) 0.92 (0.79–1.07) 1.00 (0.86–1.16) 1.01 (0.86–1.17) 0.70
Model 3 1 (ref) 0.92 (0.79–1.07) 0.99 (0.85–1.15) 1.01 (0.86–1.18) 0.72
Model 4 1 (ref) 0.92 (0.79–1.07) 0.99 (0.85–1.15) 1.01 (0.86–1.18) 0.71
Processed red meat
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 0 0.3 (0.0–0.5) 0.7 (0.5–1.0) 1.5 (≥1.0)
Cases/n 1090/3,623 319/1,053 333/1,054 322/1,053
Model 1 1 (ref) 0.98 (0.84–1.14) 1.14 (0.98–1.33) 1.14 (0.97–1.33) 0.05
Model 2 1 (ref) 0.97 (0.83–1.13) 1.11 (0.95–1.30) 1.14 (0.97–1.33) 0.07
Model 3 1 (ref) 0.96 (0.82–1.12) 1.11 (0.95–1.30) 1.15 (0.98–1.35) 0.05
Model 4 1 (ref) 0.96 (0.82–1.12) 1.10 (0.94–1.29) 1.15 (0.98–1.34) 0.06
Poultry
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 0 (<0.7) 1.7 (0.8–3.3) 4.0 (3.3–6.7) 14.3 (≥6.8)
Cases/n 466/1,701 442/1,502 629/2,015 527/1,565
Model 1 1 (ref) 1.11 (0.95–1.30) 1.18 (1.01–1.36) 1.28 (1.09–1.50) 0.002
Model 2 1 (ref) 1.09 (0.93–1.28) 1.14 (0.97–1.32) 1.21 (1.02–1.42) 0.02
Model 3 1 (ref) 1.09 (0.93–1.29) 1.14 (0.98–1.33) 1.20 (1.02–1.42) 0.03
Model 4 1 (ref) 1.09 (0.93–1.28) 1.13 (0.97–1.32) 1.20 (1.02–1.42) 0.03
Seafood
Median (cut points, g⋅2,000 kcal–1⋅d–1) 1.6 (<3.3) 6.7 (3.5–10.7) 14.3 (11.4–20.8) 33.3 (≥21.4)
Cases/n 568/1,950 418/1,436 494/1,585 584/1,812
Model 1 1 (ref) 1.05 (0.89–1.22) 1.12 (0.96–1.30) 1.18 (1.02–1.37) 0.02
Model 2 1 (ref) 1.05 (0.90–1.23) 1.09 (0.93–1.27) 1.13 (0.97–1.31) 0.11
Model 3 1 (ref) 1.05 (0.90–1.23) 1.10 (0.94–1.29) 1.13 (0.97–1.32) 0.10
Model 4 1 (ref) 1.05 (0.89–1.23) 1.10 (0.94–1.28) 1.13 (0.97–1.31) 0.11

aQ, quartile.

bModel 1 was adjusted for age and sex.

cModel 2 was further adjusted for BMI (<18.5, 18.5–24, 24–28, >28, in kg/m2), smoking (never, past smokers with <25 pack-years or ≥25 pack-years, current smokers with <25 pack-years or ≥25 pack-years), alcohol consumption (never, ≤25 ml for men and ≤15 ml for women, >25 ml for men and >15 ml for women), household annual income (yuan), physical activity (MET-h/wk), vitamin supplement use (yes or no), history of family colorectal cancer (yes or no) on the basis of model 1.

dModel 3 was further adjusted for total energy intake (quartile), intake of fruit and fresh vegetables (quartile) on the basis of model 2.

eModel 4 was further adjusted for total energy intake (quartile), healthy diet score (quartile) on the basis of model 2.