Table 1.
Histopathological scores for myocardial necrosis among different experimental groups.
| Myocardial fiber swelling and interstitial edema | Disorganization of myocardial fiber with or without fibroblastic proliferation | Perinuclear vacuolization or myocardial fiber vacuolization | Myocardial fibers myocytolysis/necrosis | Total severity score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| DM | 0.78 ± 0.14* | 0.89 ± 0.08* | 0.83 ± 0.09* | 0.94 ± 0.06* | 3.44 ± 0.17* |
| DM+Dapa | 0.44 ± 0.13*# | 0.66 ± 0.11*# | 0.50 ± 0.12*# | 0.50 ± 0.13*# | 2.06 ± 0.37*# |
| DM+Lira | 0.28 ± 0.10*# | 0.45 ± 0.12*# | 0.39 ± 0.12*# | 0.33 ± 0.11*# | 1.44 ± 0.38*# |
| DM+Dapa+Lira | 0.06 ± 0.03# | 0.23 ± 0.10# | 0.28 ± 0.11# | 0.17 ± 0.09# | 0.78 ± 0.21# |
Tissue pathological changes within each slide were inspected and scored in three high-power fields based on severity and extent of myocardial injury. A semiquantitative scoring from 0 to 3 or more was used, with no damage = 0 and severe damage = 3 or more. Values represent the average score for each animal. Results are considered significantly different when p < 0.05. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6).
DM, diabetes mellitus; Dapa, dapagliflozin; Lira, liraglutide.
*p < 0.05 versus control.
#p < 0.05 versus diabetic group.