Table 4.
Adjusted difference in therapy between 2,986 visits with WHO severe disease on arrival in wave 1 and wave 2
| Treatments (%) | First waveb (n = 974) | Second wave (n = 2,012) | Adjusted odds ratioa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanical ventilation | 125 (12.8) | 186 (9.2) | 0.58 (0.45–0.77) |
| Oxygen use | 442 (45.4) | 690 (34.3) | 1.06 (0.83–1.34) |
| Steroid use | 120 (13.2) | 1,061 (52.7) | 9.35 (7.38–11.86) |
| Antiviral use | 94 (9.6) | 57 (2.8) | 0.24 (0.17–0.34)c |
| Anticoagulant use | 495 (50.8) | 1,068 (53.1) | 1.22 (1.01–1.48) |
| Antimalarial use | 56 (5.7) | 9 (0.5) | 0.05 (0.02–0.11)c |
We excluded 960 patients from 4 study sites that did not have enrollment in both waves
aAdjusted for age, sex, existing comorbidities (moderate or severe liver disease, hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, asthma, chronic lung disease, active cancer, and obesity), arrival from, ambulance arrival mode, smoking status, and illicit substance use
bReference category
cDid not adjust for moderate or severe liver disease due to collinearity