Table I.
Changes in the resistance of sperm membranes and in apoptosis of fertile men after low-intensity millimeter-wavelength electromagnetic wave exposure.
| Parameter | Control F | Exp1 F | Exp2 F | p0-1 | p0-2 | p1-2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Membrane resistance to sodium chloride, EUc | 4,250.32±320.63 | 5,325.41±291.80 | 4,963.01±278.91 | 0.033a | 0.214 | 0.666 |
| Percentage of AnV+/PI-spermatozoa,%c | 10.47±0.50 | 8.50±0.39 | 10.39±0.67 | 0.028a | 0.993 | 0.037a |
| Apoptotic indexc,d | NA | 0.81±0.02 | 0.99±0.01 | NA | NA | <0.01b |
aP<0.05,
bP<0.01.
cMean ± standard deviation.
dExp F/Control F. AnV, AnnexinV-FITC; PI, propidium iodide; EU, equivalent units; p0-1, comparison of Control F and Exp1 F, p0-2, comparison of Control F and Exp2 F, p1-2, comparison of Exp1 F and Exp2 F; P<0.05.