Table 1.
Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Patients with AA (n = 51) | Healthy controls (n = 51) | p * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 27 (52.9%) | 27 (52.9%) | 1 |
| Male | 24 (47.1%) | 24 (47.1%) | |
| Age, y | 29.71 ± 10.78 | 29.88 ± 11.01 | 0.93 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 8 (15.7%) | 2 (3.9%) | 0.09 |
| Duration of current disease, y, mean ± SD | 7.2 ± 7.86 | – | |
| Age of onset of disease, y, mean ± SD | 22.5 ± 12.7 | – | |
| Type of AA, n (%) | |||
| Patchy | 24 (47%) | – | |
| Ophiasis | 4 (8%) | – | |
| Totalis | 2 (4%) | – | |
| Universalis | 21 (41%) | – | |
| Nail involvement, n (%) | 30 (58.82%) | – | |
| SALT Score | 71.49 ± 34.42 | ||
| S1 (1%–25%) | 10 (19.6%) | ||
| S2 (26%–50%) | 7 (13.7%) | ||
| S3 (51%–75%) | 4 (7.8%) | ||
| S4 (76%–99%) | 7 (13.7%) | ||
| S5 (100%, totalis and universalis) | 23 (45%) | ||
| Anxiety/depression, n (%) | 8 (15.7%) | 2 (3.9%) | 0.09 |
| ESS score, mean ± SD | 7.63 ± 4.7 | 6.82 ± 3.83 | 0.34 |
| ESS ≥ 11 | 15 (71.4%) | 6 (28.6%) | 0.02 |
| PSQI score, mean ± SD | 7 ± 4.13 | 3.53 ± 1.96 | <0.001 |
| Patients' self‐assessment | 2.76 ± 0.97 | 3.65 ± 1.11 | 0.001 |
Abbreviations: AA, alopecia areata; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; n, number; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SALT, Severity of Alopecia Tool; y, years.
*
A p < 0.05 is considered significant and bold.