Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of gastric botulinum toxin A, diet and bariatric surgery groups
| Gastric BTX-A (n=24) | Diet (n=24) | Bariatric surgery (n=24) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 39.1±9.1 | 42 (IQR: 10)* | 40.2±7.7 | 0.605** |
| Male, n (%) | 11 (45.8) | 9 (37.5) | 8 (33.3) | 0.664** |
| Female, n (%) | 13 (54.2) | 15 (62.5) | 16 (66.7) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.9±3.9 | 33.1 (IQR: 6.55)* | 46.9±4.3 | <0.001** |
| Creatinine | 0.83±0.1 | 0.79±0.1 | 0.79 (IQR: 0.19)* | 0.811** |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 92.7±7.6 | 93.9±9.9 | 91.5 (IQR: 5)* | 0.967** |
| HOMA-IR | 2.56 (IQR: 1.43)* | 2.93 (IQR: 1.19)* | 3.17 (IQR: 1.81)* | 0.089** |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 5.7±0.2 | 5.8±0.3 | 5.9±0.3 | 0.242*** |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 203.3±35.3 | 182.9±45.9 | 189.4±26 | 0.152*** |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 41.5 (IQR: 6.25)* | 40.8±4.2 | 42 (IQR: 10.5)* | 0.149** |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 134.9±30.3 | 128.4±28.1 | 124.7±21.1 | 0.413*** |
| Triglyceride | 166.8±64.6 | 186±47.4 | 148±66.3 | 0.097*** |
| TSH | 1.5421±0.43 | 1.5438±0.37 | 1.4625±0.44 | 0.745*** |
| ALT | 30.5 (IQR: 11.50)* | 29.2±7.7 | 30 (IQR: 15.75)* | 0.920** |
| AST | 27±8 | 27.7±6.1 | 29 (IQR: 10)* | 0.764** |
| Haemoglobin | 13.9±1.3 | 13.1 (IQR: 1.75)* | 13.7±1 | 0.549** |
*Median values, **Kruskal–Wallis H test, ***One-way ANOVA test. BMI: Body mass index, HOMA-IR: Homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HDL: High-density lipoprotein, LDL: Low-density lipoprotein, TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone, ALT: Alanine aminotransferase, AST: Aspartate aminotransferase, BTX-A: Botulinum toxin A, IQR: Interquartile range, HbA1c: Haemoglobin A1c, ANOVA: Analysis of variance