Table 1.

Baseline Descriptive Characteristics and Intercorrelations of Study Variables

Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1. Age at spousal loss
2. Gender (women)	−0.15*
3. Race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White)	0.18*	−0.04
4. Education	0.00	−0.01	0.36*
5. Functional limitations	0.16*	−0.03	−0.08*	−0.14*
6. Repartnered/remarried	−0.20*	−0.20*	0.02	0.07*	−0.03
7. SN: Close children	−0.04	0.03	−0.07*	−0.12*	0.02	−0.07*
8. SN: Relatives	0.01	0.02	0.02	−0.07*	0.03	−0.03	0.10*
9. SN: Friends	0.08*	0.01	0.05*	0.00	−0.08*	0.01	−0.08*	0.06*
10. SA: Social visits	0.07*	−0.03	0.07*	0.02	−0.07*	−0.01	−0.11*	0.02	0.44*
11. SA: Providing help	−0.18*	0.01	0.10*	0.19*	−0.20*	0.06*	−0.06*	0.00	0.14*	0.16*
12. SA: Volunteering	−0.07*	0.09*	0.06*	0.22*	−0.16*	0.01	−0.05*	0.00	0.12*	0.10*	0.31*
13. PD: Loneliness	0.05*	−0.03	0.01	−0.09*	0.10*	−0.12*	−0.02	0.01	−0.02	−0.02	−0.09*	−0.09*
14. Word recall	−0.37*	0.20*	0.12*	0.30*	−0.24*	0.06*	−0.03	−0.06*	0.02	0.01	0.25*	0.21*	−0.11*
M	72.90	0.74	0.76	11.85	0.36	0.09	0.68	0.27	0.68	2.76	0.39	0.30	0.36	9.04
SD	9.87			3.20	0.90					1.88				3.60

Notes: N = 2,074. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; SN = social network; SA = social activity; PD = perceived deficiencies in social relationships. Close children: presence of children residing within 10 miles (0 = no, 1 = yes). Repartnered: married or cohabitating with partner after spousal loss (0 = no, 1 = yes). Friends: presence of friends living in the neighborhood (0 = no, 1 = yes). Relatives: presence of relatives living in the neighborhood (0 = no, 1 = yes). Loneliness: measured with the perceived loneliness item from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression scale (0 = no, 1 = yes). Providing help: unpaid help to friends or family in the neighborhood (0 = no, 1 = yes). Social visits: frequency of social visits with friends or relatives in the neighborhood (on a scale from 0 to 5, higher values indicate higher frequency). Volunteering: volunteering in the community (0 = no, 1 = yes).

*p < .05.