Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants
| Incident CVD (N = 3 321) | All-Cause Mortality (N = 3 991) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | No | Yes | p Value | No | Yes | p Value |
| N (row %) | 3 022 (91.0) | 299 (9.0) | 3 731 (93.5) | 260 (6.5) | ||
| Age (years), M (SD) | 68.6 (5.5) | 71.5 (5.9) | <.001 | 69.1 (6.0) | 73.7 (5.4) | <.001 |
| Women | 830 (27.5) | 55 (18.4) | .001 | 967 (25.9) | 63 (24.2) | .55 |
| Non-White | 173 (5.7) | 33 (11.0) | <.001 | 272 (7.3) | 23 (8.9) | .35 |
| Married/cohabitating | 2 264 (74.9) | 226 (75.6) | .80 | 2 802 (75.1) | 179 (68.9) | .03 |
| University or higher degree | 995 (32.9) | 76 (25.4) | .01 | 1 175 (31.5) | 63 (24.2) | .01 |
| Low occupational position | 1 495 (49.5) | 155 (51.8) | .42 | 1 885 (50.5) | 146 (56.2) | .08 |
| Recent-ex/current smokers | 152 (5.0) | 23 (7.7) | .05 | 205 (5.5) | 16 (6.2) | .65 |
| >14 units of alcohol per week | 716 (23.7) | 72 (24.1) | .88 | 875 (23.5) | 50 (19.2) | .12 |
| Daily intake of fruits and vegetable | 2 424 (80.2) | 227 (75.9) | .08 | 2 972 (79.7) | 193 (74.2) | .04 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 496 (16.4) | 62 (20.7) | .06 | 678 (18.2) | 45 (17.3) | .73 |
| Hypertension* | 1 347 (44.6) | 183 (61.2) | <.001 | 1 899 (50.9) | 167 (64.2) | <.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia† | 1 365 (45.2) | 150 (50.2) | .10 | 1 885 (50.5) | 136 (52.3) | .58 |
| Diabetes | 311 (10.3) | 58 (19.4) | <.001 | 461 (12.4) | 53 (20.4) | <.001 |
| Morbidity index,‡M (SD) | 0.33 (0.6) | 0.36 (0.6) | .36 | 0.52 (0.7) | 0.89 (1.0) | <.001 |
| Following recommendations of 150 min/day of MVPA | 2 592 (85.8) | 216 (72.2) | <.001 | 3 116 (83.5) | 154 (59.2) | <.001 |
| Sedentary time variables, M (SD) | ||||||
| Daily sedentary time, min/day | 709.5 (98.2) | 741.3 (110.0) | <.001 | 714.9 (99.1) | 760.5 (105.6) | <.001 |
| Mean sedentary bout duration | 11.0 (5.2) | 12.9 (9.5) | <.001 | 11.3 (5.8) | 13.9 (8.8) | <.001 |
| Time in prolonged (≥30 min) sedentary bouts, min/day | 372.5 (138.1) | 417.5 (162.4) | <.001 | 380.1 (140.5) | 452.3 (164.0) | <.001 |
| Gini index | 0.67 (0.04) | 0.68 (0.03) | .004 | 0.68 (0.04) | 0.69 (0.04) | <.001 |
| Number of sedentary breaks | 71.7 (15.4) | 68.8 (18.1) | .002 | 71.2 (15.7) | 65.8 (18.4) | <.001 |
| Breaks per sedentary hour | 6.4 (1.9) | 5.9 (2.1) | <.001 | 6.3 (1.9) | 5.5 (2.0) | <.001 |
| Alpha | 1.76 (0.13) | 1.73 (0.14) | <.001 | 1.76 (0.13) | 1.71 (0.14) | <.001 |
| Transition probability (%) from | ||||||
| sedentary to LIPA state | 9.9 (3.0) | 8.8 (3.3) | .001 | 10.0 (3.0) | 9.4 (3.3) | <.001 |
| sedentary to MVPA state | 0.55 (0.48) | 0.32 (0.36) | <.001 | 0.57 (0.49) | 0.43 (0.41) | <.001 |
Notes: BMI = body mass index; CVD = cardiovascular disease; LIPA = light intensity physical activity; M = mean; MVPA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; SD = standard deviation. Values are N (col %) unless otherwise stated.
*Systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive drugs.
†Low-density lipoprotein ≥ 4.1 mmol/L or use of lipid-lowering drugs.
‡Number of chronic conditions among: cancer, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, Parkinson disease, and dementia for incident CVD. Addition of coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure for all-cause mortality.