Table 3.

Relative Odds of Self-Rated Health Decline and New ADL/IADL Limitation Between 2015 and 2017 by HCB Status in 2015 Among Low- and Moderate-Income Older Renters

	Self-rated health decline		New ADL/IADL limitation
	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted
HCB (ref. = no HCB)
Moderate HCB	1.09	1.06	1.32	1.46*
Severe HCB	0.96	1.01	1.64**	1.94**
Female		0.83		1.00
Age (1–6 scale)		1.00		1.09
Race/ethnicity (ref. = non-Hispanic White)
Non-Hispanic Black		0.81		1.03
Hispanic		1.55		1.31
Another race/ethnicity		1.98		0.78
Lives alone		0.88		1.51*
Education (ref. = below high school)
High school		1.49†		1.21
Beyond high school		1.09		0.88
Annual income (logged)		1.12		1.14†
Medicaid		1.34		1.35†
Housing quality issue		0.82		1.18
Neighborhood physical disorder		0.81		0.83
Low neighborhood social cohesion		0.99		1.09
Constant	0.77*	0.24	1.05	0.15*

Notes: ADL = activities of daily living; HCB = housing cost burden; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living. Results are presented as odds ratios. Regressions employ weights and adjust for standard errors to account for complex survey design. Participants who had poor self-rated health (n = 77) at baseline in 2015 were excluded. n = 861 for the self-rated health decline analysis and n = 939 for the new ADL/IADL limitation analysis.

^† p < .10. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.